Morphology and morphogenesis of ensiform leaves, syndesmy of shoots and an understanding of the thalloid plant body in species of Apinagia, Mourera and Marathrum (Podostemaceae)
Morphology and morphogenesis of ensiform leaves, syndesmy of shoots and an understanding of the thalloid plant body in species of Apinagia, Mourera and Marathrum (Podostemaceae)
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剑形叶的形态学和形态发生、芽的联合以及对 Apinagia、Mourera 和 Marathrum（Podostemaceae）物种的叶体植物体的了解
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8339.2005.00361.x
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
I. Jäger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Jäger
Apinagia riedelii、A. latifolia、A. goejei、Mourera aspera和Marathrum utile（Podostemoideae亚科）的叶片扁平、不规则、浅裂或多裂，结构为剑形。在典型的双面开始之后，叶的进一步生长在中脉区域中进行，即在叶的中间平面中。下部叶区的特征在于鞘的取向“在叶片的侧面”，即在剑状叶的近轴边缘。剑形叶片有裂，锐裂或羽状多裂，顶端终止于细长的线或细丝。雷氏阿品那果的叶类似羽状多裂的复叶。解剖结构代表剑形的次级叠加和复叶的平行发展。它被解释为对急流的适应，建立在这些水生植物的漂浮枝条上。主枝和连续分枝的基部由于延迟分离而融合。这种融合被称为联合融合。芽的融合区域被相邻叶的（二列定位的）下部叶区的融合所取代，发生在它们的边缘。融合的叶基部形成每个芽的顶生花芽的腔，并以帽的形式覆盖它。花蕾从外部看不见。因此，分生组织生长区被保护和封闭在联合植物体内，以这种方式，获得了“叶状体”外观，特别是在Apinagia goejei和A. latifolia中发育，但也存在于其他物种中。本研究的结果使这些Podostemoideae的特殊外观的修改的典型结构根据“可变比例的原则”的理解。 © 2005伦敦林奈学会，林奈学会植物学杂志，2005，147，47-71。
The flattened, irregularly shaped and lobed or dissected leaves of Apinagia riedelii, A. latifolia, A. goejei, Mourera aspera and Marathrum utile (subfamily Podostemoideae) are ensiform in structure. After the typical bifacial inception, further growth of leaves proceeds in the midrib area, i.e. in the median plane of the leaf. The lower leaf zone is characterized by a sheath that orientates ‘at the side of the blade’, i.e. at the adaxial edge of the sword-like leaf. The ensiform blades are lobed, incised or pinnately dissected with the tips terminated in elongated threads or thin filaments. Leaves of Apinagia riedelii resemble pinnately dissected compound leaves. The dissected structure represents a secondary superimposition of the ensiform shape and a parallel development to compound leaves. It is interpreted as an adaptation to the rapid current, established in the floating shoots of these aquatic plants. The basal portions of main shoots and successive branches are fused due to a retarded separation. Fusion of this kind has been termed a syndesmy. The fused region of shoots is superseded by the fusion of the lower leaf zones of (distichously positioned) adjacent leaves, occurring at their margins. The fused leaf bases form a cavity for the terminal flower bud of each shoot and cover it in the form of a hood. The flower buds are hidden from external view. The meristematic growing zones are thus protected and enclosed within the syndesmic plant body which, in this way, attains the ‘thalloid’ appearance especially developed in Apinagia goejei and A. latifolia but also present in the other species. The results of this study enable an understanding of the particular appearance of these Podostemoideae as modifications of the typical structures according to the ‘principle of variable proportions’. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 147, 47–71.