Human decisions about when to act originate within a basal forebrain-nigral circuit
Human decisions about when to act originate within a basal forebrain-nigral circuit
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1921211117
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发表时间：
2020-05-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rushworth, Matthew F. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khalighinejad, Nima;Priestley, Luke;Rushworth, Matthew F. S.
与动物一样，决定何时采取行动对人类的生存至关重要，但人们对欲望如何转化为在任何特定时间点值得采取行动的决定并不完全了解。在这里，我们表明，一个简单的模型，开发来解释动物决定什么时候是值得采取行动，也解释了显着部分的差异时，观察到人类采取自愿行动的时间。该模型重点关注当前环境的回报潜力、个人最近行动的时机以及这些行动的结果。我们发现，通过使用超高场MRI扫描，除了内侧额叶皮质内的前扣带皮层，一组皮质下结构，包括纹状体，黑质，基底前脑（BF），脚桥核（PPN），和缰（HB）编码的试验由试验的动作时间的变化。进一步分析发现，在每个领域的活动模式与心理生理相互作用分析和结构方程模型提出了一个模型，其中BF集成的上下文信息，将影响何时采取行动的决定和沟通这些信息，在并行PPN和HB的影响，黑质纹状体电路。然后，在黑质纹状体回路中，动作启动本身开始。
Decisions about when to act are critical for survival in humans as in animals, but how a desire is translated into the decision that an action is worth taking at any particular point in time is incompletely understood. Here we show that a simple model developed to explain when animals decide it is worth taking an action also explains a significant portion of the variance in timing observed when humans take voluntary actions. The model focuses on the current environment's potential for reward, the timing of the individual's own recent actions, and the outcomes of those actions. We show, by using ultrahigh-field MRI scanning, that in addition to anterior cingulate cortex within medial frontal cortex, a group of subcortical structures including striatum, substantia nigra, basal forebrain (BF), pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), and habenula (HB) encode trial-by-trial variation in action time. Further analysis of the activity patterns found in each area together with psychophysiological interaction analysis and structural equation modeling suggested a model in which BF integrates contextual information that will influence the decision about when to act and communicates this information, in parallel with PPN and HB influences, to nigrostriatal circuits. It is then in the nigrostriatal circuit that action initiation per se begins.