Remodeling and Control of Homologous Recombination by DNA Helicases and Translocases that Target Recombinases and Synapsis.
Remodeling and Control of Homologous Recombination by DNA Helicases and Translocases that Target Recombinases and Synapsis.
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DOI：
10.3390/genes7080052
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发表时间：
2016-08-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bolt EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Northall SJ;Ivančić-Baće I;Soultanas P;Bolt EL
重组酶催化单链 DNA (ssDNA) 侵入同源双链 DNA，形成“置换环”(D 环)，这一过程称为突触。这会触发同源重组 (HR)，它可以遵循几种可能的路径来支持 DNA 修复并重新启动受阻和崩溃的 DNA 复制叉。因此，突触可以作为一个检查点，用于控制 HR 是否、走多远以及通过哪条途径克服复制叉中的障碍或断裂。可以通过限制重组酶接触 ssDNA 以及解离由联会形成的 D 环或异源双链体来拮抗联会。拮抗剂包括在真核生物、细菌和古细菌中可识别的 DNA 解旋酶和转位酶，它们靶向突触和突触前 DNA 结构，从而在早期阶段控制 HR。在这里，我们调查了这些事件，重点是使 DNA 复制能够从阻塞或崩溃的位点恢复。我们还注意到抗重组活性的知识如何有助于提高基于 CRISPR 的基因组编辑的效率。
Recombinase enzymes catalyse invasion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) into homologous duplex DNA forming “Displacement loops” (D-loops), a process called synapsis. This triggers homologous recombination (HR), which can follow several possible paths to underpin DNA repair and restart of blocked and collapsed DNA replication forks. Therefore, synapsis can be a checkpoint for controlling whether or not, how far, and by which pathway, HR proceeds to overcome an obstacle or break in a replication fork. Synapsis can be antagonized by limiting access of a recombinase to ssDNA and by dissociation of D-loops or heteroduplex formed by synapsis. Antagonists include DNA helicases and translocases that are identifiable in eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea, and which target synaptic and pre-synaptic DNA structures thereby controlling HR at early stages. Here we survey these events with emphasis on enabling DNA replication to be resumed from sites of blockage or collapse. We also note how knowledge of anti-recombination activities could be useful to improve efficiency of CRISPR-based genome editing.