Vertical and lateral collapse of Tharsis Tholus, Mars

Vertical and lateral collapse of Tharsis Tholus, Mars
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火星塔尔西斯托勒斯的垂直和横向塌陷

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2011.03.012
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Neukum G
Neukum G
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Platz T;Münn S;Walter TR;Procter JN;McGuire PC;Dumke A;Neukum G

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Tharsis Tholus是一座超过3.9 Ga的古老复合盾状火山,位于主要的Tharsis Montes东部,经历了复杂的增长和破坏历史。根据新的高分辨率图像,我们详细分析了塔尔西斯火山的形态和构造结构。从形态数据,横切关系的表面结构,和火山口建模年龄,我们提出了一个年代地层学的火山构造史的塔尔西斯Tholus.The强烈断层火山揭示了两个大规模的滑坡事件,随后由两个后续的屏蔽再生长阶段之间的3.8和1.7 Ga和两个破火山口的崩溃。Tharsis Tholus也受到了1.7 Ga和0.4 Ga之间的区域伸展构造的影响,这些构造由近平行的NE向地堑构造记录。塔尔西斯火山口上陡峭且高达5.4公里的滑坡陡坎表明了该建筑物的深层断层。为了证实这一假设,我们使用模拟砂箱模型,我们证明,重力侧翼运动的顶部薄弱的基底基底可能产生的变形结构上观察到的塔尔西斯Tholus。
Tharsis Tholus, a more than 3.9 Ga old composite shield volcano to the east of the major Tharsis Montes, has experienced a complex history of growth and destruction. On the basis of new high resolution images we analysed the morphology as well as the tectonic structures of the Tharsis Tholus volcano in detail. From morphological data, cross-cutting relations of the surface structures, and crater modelling ages we propose a chronostratigraphy for the volcano-tectonic history of Tharsis Tholus.The strongly faulted volcano reveals two large-scale landslide events followed by two subsequent shield re-growth phases between 3.8 and 1.7 Ga and two caldera collapses. Tharsis Tholus was also affected by regional extensional tectonics between 1.7 Ga and 0.4 Ga recorded by sub-parallel sets of NE trending graben structures. The steep and up to 5.4 km high landslide scarps on Tharsis Tholus suggest deep faulting of the edifice. In order to confirm this hypothesis we used analogue sand box models in which we demonstrated that gravitational flank movement on top of weak basal substrata may have produced the deformation structures as observed on Tharsis Tholus.
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