Discussion on lubrication
Discussion on lubrication
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关于润滑的讨论
DOI：
10.1088/1478-7814/32/1/339
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发表时间：
1919
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. M. Deeley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. M. Deeley
当金属或其它接触表面相互滑动时，会产生相当大的摩擦阻力，从而使表面相互磨损。在机器中，有许多摩擦面，接触的材料必须以尽可能小的摩擦阻力和尽可能小的磨损相互滑动。工程师们根据经验发现，通过在这些支承表面之间插入某些液体或油脂（称为润滑剂），可以大大降低这些支承表面的运动阻力以及它们遭受的磨损或磨损量。并非所有的液体都能起到润滑剂的作用。事实上，一直以来都有必要通过实际试验来确定哪些液体是合适的，哪些是不合适的。在重矿物油工业发展之前，几乎所有使用的润滑油和脂肪都是植物或动物来源的，工程师通过经验发现哪种特定的油或脂肪适合于任何特定的机器。只要有了所需的润滑剂，机器就能正常运转。但是，随着我们的工业依赖于机械的巨大增长，对润滑油的需求变得如此之大，以至于植物油和动物油的供应不足以满足需求，只要有可能，矿物油就被压榨使用。
WHEN metallic, or other surfaces, in contact are caused to slide over each other, considerable frictiond resistance to motion results and the surfaces abrade each other, In machinery there are numerous rubbing surfaces, and the materials in contact must slide over each other with as little frictional resistance and as little wear as possible. Engineers have found by experience that the resistance to motion of such bearing surfaces, and the amount of abrasion or wear they suffer may be greatly reduced by interposing between them certain liquids or greases, known as lubricants. Not all liquids will act as lubricants. Indeed, it has always been necessary to ascertain by actual trial what liquids are suitable and what are not. Until the growth of the heavy mineral oil industry, almost all the lubricating oils and fats used were either of vegetable or animal origin, and engineers found by experience which particular oil or fat was suitable for any particular machine. Given the required lubricant, the proper running of’the machine was guaranteed. But with the enormous growth of our industries depending upor: machinery for their existence, the demand for lubricants became so great that the supply of vegetable and animal oils was not sufficient to meet the requirements,, and the mineral oils were pressed into service whenever possible.