Remembering the past and imagining the future: age-related differences between young, young-old and old-old
Remembering the past and imagining the future: age-related differences between young, young-old and old-old
复制标题
回忆过去和想象未来：年轻人、年轻老年人和老年人之间与年龄有关的差异
DOI：
10.1007/s40520-013-0003-3
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Milojevi, Gordana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Beni, Rossana;Borella, Erika;Milojevi, Gordana
背景和目的很少有研究分析老年人记忆过去事件和想象未来事件的能力。本研究考察了年轻人、年轻人和老年人在创造过去和未来的自传体情节的心理图像方面的年龄相关差异。方法提出提示词，参与者必须记住一个自传式的过去事件或想象一个未来事件。从塑造的自传体形象的类型（具体的或一般的）和形象的生动性两个方面分析其表现。此外，我们还分析了个体在时间视角上的差异对绩效的中介作用。结果与年轻人和年轻人相比，老年人在未来条件下产生的特异性事件较少，但更多的是一般性事件。此外，只有old-old在未来比在过去产生更多的一般图像。相比之下，年轻人在特定图像和自传体图像上的表现与年轻人更相似。在产生的图像的生动性方面也发现了类似的模式。回归分析表明，过去和未来产生的图像比例是相互依赖的，并且在时间角度上受年龄和个体差异的影响。综上所述，这些结果表明，回忆特定的自传式过去事件和想象未来事件的能力在年轻人中保持不变，但在老年人中则受到损害。结果讨论了更突出的认知能力下降，发生在成年后期。
Background and aims Few studies have analyzed the ability to remember past events and imagine future events in older adults. The present study examines age-related differences between young, young-old, and old-old adults in creating mental images of autobiographic episodes from the past and from the future.Methods Cue words were presented, and for each of these, participants had to remember an autobiographic past event or imagine a future event. Performance was analyzed in terms of type of autobiographical images created (specific or general) and their vividness. Moreover, individual differences in temporal perspective were analyzed as a mediator of performance.Results Old-old adults produced less specific, but more general events compared to young adults and young-old in the future condition. Moreover, only old-old produced more general images in the future than in the past. In contrast, young-old showed intermediate performance, more similar to that of young adults for both specific and autobiographical images. A similar pattern was found with regard to vividness of images produced. Regression analyses showed that the proportion of images produced in the past and the future was interdependent and was accounted by age and individual differences in temporal perspective.Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that the ability to recall specific autobiographical past events and imagined future events is maintained in young-old, but is impaired when old-old adults are considered. Results are discussed in terms of the more accentuated cognitive decline that occurs in late adulthood.