Body composition phenotypes in pathways to obesity and the metabolic syndrome
Body composition phenotypes in pathways to obesity and the metabolic syndrome
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2010.234
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Schutz, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dulloo, A. G.;Jacquet, J.;Schutz, Y.
体重的动态变化长期以来一直被认为是衰弱性疾病风险的重要指标。虽然体重减轻或生长受损会导致肌肉消耗，以及容易受到感染和器官功能障碍，但过多脂肪的形成容易导致2型糖尿病和心血管疾病，其中胰岛素抵抗是代谢综合征疾病实体的核心特征。尽管体重指数 (BMI)，即体重/身高 (2) (H-2) 在人口和基因搜索研究中被广泛用作肥胖的表型表达，但它是作为对肥胖和营养不良进行分类的操作定义而开发的，但在区分脂肪量 (FM) 和去脂体重 (FFM) 方面具有相当大的局限性，特别是在个体水平上。在检查了 BMI-FM% 关系的这些局限性之后，本文回顾了与身体成分表型相关的健康风险概念的最新进展，其中心是（i）将 BMI 划分为 FM 指数（FM/H-2）和 FFM 指数（FFM/H-2），（ii）将 FFM 划分为器官质量和骨骼肌质量，（iii） FM 在解剖学上分为危险脂肪和保护性脂肪，以及 (iv) 构成瘦体重的器官/组织内部或周围的脂肪组织扩张性和异位脂肪沉积之间的相互作用。根据肥胖和代谢综合征代谢易感性的种族/民族变异性，对这些关于身体成分表型和健康风险的概念进行了回顾。国际肥胖杂志 (2010) 34，S4-S17； doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.234
Dynamic changes in body weight have long been recognized as important indicators of risk for debilitating diseases. While weight loss or impaired growth can lead to muscle wastage, as well as to susceptibility to infections and organ dysfunctions, the development of excess fat predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, with insulin resistance as a central feature of the disease entities of the metabolic syndrome. Although widely used as the phenotypic expression of adiposity in population and gene-search studies, body mass index (BMI), that is, weight/height(2) (H-2), which was developed as an operational definition for classifying both obesity and malnutrition, has considerable limitations in delineating fat mass (FM) from fat-free mass (FFM), in particular at the individual level. After an examination of these limitations within the constraints of the BMI-FM% relationship, this paper reviews recent advances in concepts about health risks related to body composition phenotypes, which center upon (i) the partitioning of BMI into an FM index (FM/H-2) and an FFM index (FFM/H-2), (ii) the partitioning of FFM into organ mass and skeletal muscle mass, (iii) the anatomical partitioning of FM into hazardous fat and protective fat and (iv) the interplay between adipose tissue expandability and ectopic fat deposition within or around organs/tissues that constitute the lean body mass. These concepts about body composition phenotypes and health risks are reviewed in the light of race/ethnic variability in metabolic susceptibility to obesity and the metabolic syndrome. International Journal of Obesity (2010) 34, S4-S17; doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.234