VegT, eFGF and Xbra cause overall posteriorization while Xwnt8 causes eye‐level restricted posteriorization in synergy with chordin in early Xenopus development

VegT, eFGF and Xbra cause overall posteriorization while Xwnt8 causes eye‐level restricted posteriorization in synergy with chordin in early Xenopus development
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VegT、eFGF 和 Xbra 导致整体后化,而 Xwnt8 在爪蟾早期发育中与 Chordin 协同作用,导致眼睛水平受限后化

DOI:
10.1111/j.1440-169x.2008.01014.x
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Kenji Watanabe
Kenji Watanabe
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hidefumi Fujii;M. Sakai;S. Nishimatsu;T. Nohno;M. Mochii;H. Orii;Kenji Watanabe

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我们使用永久囊胚型胚胎(PBE)作为测定系统检查了几种候选的后/中胚层诱导分子。候选分子单独注射或与组织因子脊索蛋白mRNA组合注射。单独注射脊索素导致白色半球形神经组织被一个大的圆形骨水泥腺包围,以及前部神经基因表达,从而导致胚胎最前部的发育,而没有中胚层组织。当将VegT、eFGF或Xbra mRNA注射到注射了脊索蛋白的PBE的不同卵裂球中时,胚胎延长并形成了眼、肌肉和色素细胞,并表达了中胚层和后部神经基因。这些胚胎形成了完整的前后胚轴。相比之下,将CSKA-Xwnt 8 DNA注射到注射有脊索蛋白的PBE中导致眼形成和中脑/后脑标记物En 2和脊索标记物Xnot的表达,但既没有伸长、肌肉形成也没有更多的后部基因表达。将脊索素和后定型分子注射到同一细胞中不会导致胚胎延长。因此,通过使用PBE作为宿主测试系统,我们表明:(i)总体前后神经发育、中胚层(肌肉)形成以及胚胎伸长可以通过组织者分子脊索蛋白以及“总体后化分子”eFGF、VegT和Xbra中的每一种的协同效应发生;(ii)Xwnt 8介导的后化限于眼水平并且独立于中胚层形成;和(iii)正确的前后模式需要分离背侧化和后侧化基因表达结构域。
We examined several candidate posterior/mesodermal inducing molecules using permanent blastula‐type embryos (PBEs) as an assay system. Candidate molecules were injected individually or in combination with the organizer factor chordin mRNA. Injection of chordin alone resulted in a white hemispherical neural tissue surrounded by a large circular cement gland, together with anterior neural gene expression and thus the development of the anterior‐most parts of the embryo, without mesodermal tissues. When VegT, eFGF or Xbra mRNAs were injected into a different blastomere of the chordin‐injected PBEs, the embryos elongated and formed eye, muscle and pigment cells, and expressed mesodermal and posterior neural genes. These embryos formed the full spectrum of the anteroposterior embryonic axis. In contrast, injection of CSKA‐Xwnt8 DNA into PBEs injected with chordin resulted in eye formation and expression of En2, a midbrain/hindbrain marker, and Xnot, a notochord marker, but neither elongation, muscle formation nor more posterior gene expression. Injection of chordin and posteriorizing molecules into the same cell did not result in elongation of the embryo. Thus, by using PBEs as the host test system we show that (i) overall anteroposterior neural development, mesoderm (muscle) formation, together with embryo elongation can occur through the synergistic effect(s) of the organizer molecule chordin, and each of the ‘overall posteriorizing molecules’eFGF, VegT and Xbra; (ii) Xwnt8‐mediated posteriorization is restricted to the eye level and is independent of mesoderm formation; and (iii) proper anteroposterior patterning requires a separation of the dorsalizing and posteriorizing gene expression domains.
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