Incidental findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain research.
Incidental findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain research.
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磁共振成像 (MRI) 大脑研究的偶然发现。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00275.x
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nelson,CharlesA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nelson,CharlesA
磁共振成像（MRI）是一种非侵入性成像工具，它利用强磁场和射频波来非常详细地显示器官，软组织和骨骼。与传统的X射线（包括计算机断层扫描[CT]）不同，没有暴露于电离辐射，并且在大多数场强（通常低于7特斯拉）下，该程序几乎对每个年龄组都是安全的。因为它是非侵入性的（即，由于磁共振成像技术（MRI）具有良好的空间分辨率（低至毫米），不会损伤皮肤或伤害身体，因此在过去十年中，MRI作为研究工具的使用呈指数级增长。用途范围从附加到临床研究（例如，在对从自行车上摔下来的孩子进行扫描后，放射科医生可能会做一个额外的序列，以探索获得更高分辨率图像的方法），以研究典型发育儿童的大脑发育。此外，近年来，利用MRI来研究大脑功能（所谓的“功能性MRI”[fMRI]）也做出了重大努力。由于功能磁共振成像的临床应用尚未实现，功能磁共振成像仍然被认为是高度探索性的，我们还不能确定功能（相对于结构）性质的偶然发现。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging tool that utilizes a strong magnetic field and radio frequency waves to visualize in great detail organs, soft tissue, and bone. Unlike conventional x-rays (including computed tomography [CT]), there is no exposure to ionizing radiation and at most field strengths (generally below 7 Tesla) the procedure is considered safe for nearly every age group. Because it is non-invasive (i.e., does not break the skin or harm the body) and possesses excellent spatial resolution (down to millimeters), the use of MRI as a research tool has increased exponentially over the past decade. Uses have ranged from add-ons to a clinical study (e.g., after scanning a child who has fallen from a bicycle, the radiologist might do an extra sequence to explore ways of obtaining higher resolution images) to studies of brain development in typically developing children. In addition, a major effort has been made in recent years to use MRI to study brain function (so-called “functional MRI” [fMRI]). Because the clinical utility of fMRI has not yet been realized, fMRI is still considered highly exploratory, and we cannot yet identify incidental findings of a functional (as opposed to structural) nature.