Adaptation is maintained by the parliament of genes
Adaptation is maintained by the parliament of genes
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-13169-3
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发表时间：
2019-11-14
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
West, Stuart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott, Thomas W.;West, Stuart A.
行为和进化生态学等领域建立在这样的假设之上，即自然选择导致了生物体的行为，就像它们试图最大化自己的适应能力一样。然而，有相当多的证据表明，自私的遗传因素改变了个人的行为，从而增加了他们自己的传播。我们如何调和这一矛盾呢？在这里，我们表明：(1)当自私的遗传因素在个体水平上产生更大的影响时，它们更有可能被抑制，并且抑制传播得更快；(2)对自私的遗传因素的选择导致它们在个体水平上产生更大的影响，使它们更有可能被抑制；(3)基因组中的大多数兴趣通常战胜少数基因的‘阴谋’，无论基因组大小、突变率和特征扭曲者的复杂程度如何。总体而言，我们的结果表明，即使存在相当大的遗传冲突的可能性，这在个体层面上的影响往往微不足道。
Fields such as behavioural and evolutionary ecology are built on the assumption that natural selection leads to organisms that behave as if they are trying to maximise their fitness. However, there is considerable evidence for selfish genetic elements that change the behaviour of individuals to increase their own transmission. How can we reconcile this contradiction? Here we show that: (1) when selfish genetic elements have a greater impact at the individual level, they are more likely to be suppressed, and suppression spreads more quickly; (2) selection on selfish genetic elements leads them towards a greater impact at the individual level, making them more likely to be suppressed; (3) the majority interest within the genome generally prevails over 'cabals' of a few genes, irrespective of genome size, mutation rate and the sophistication of trait distorters. Overall, our results suggest that even when there is the potential for considerable genetic conflict, this will often have negligible impact at the individual level.