Dancing with the Stars: How Choreographed Bacterial Interactions Dictate Nososymbiocity and Give Rise to Keystone Pathogens, Accessory Pathogens, and Pathobionts.
Dancing with the Stars: How Choreographed Bacterial Interactions Dictate Nososymbiocity and Give Rise to Keystone Pathogens, Accessory Pathogens, and Pathobionts.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.010
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Lamont RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hajishengallis G;Lamont RJ
许多起源于粘膜的疾病是由本地生物的多微生物群落协同作用破坏体内平衡机制引起的。组成生物之间的多层次物理和化学通信系统是多微生物协同作用的基础，并决定了群落的致病潜力或医院共生性，即与易感宿主共同生活而引起的疾病。社区参与者的功能专门化，通常源于代谢的共同依赖，已经在群落-病原体光谱中产生了几个新认识的名称。辅助病原体虽然在特定的微环境中固有地共生，但却增强了病原体的定植或代谢活性。关键病原体（细菌驱动因子或α -细菌）通过调节群落参与者的组成和水平以及操纵宿主的反应，在低丰度时发挥其影响。病原体（或细菌乘客）利用被破坏的宿主内稳态繁殖并促进炎症性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论生物体的共生或致病特性如何不是内在特征，必须在它们所居住的微生物群落和宿主免疫状态的背景下考虑。
Many diseases that originate on mucosal membranes ensue from the action of polymicrobial communities of indigenous organisms working in concert to disrupt homeostatic mechanisms. Multi-level physical and chemical communication systems among constituent organisms underlies polymicrobial synergy and dictates the community’s pathogenic potential or nososymbiocity, that is, disease arising from living together with a susceptible host. Functional specialization of community participants, often originating from metabolic co-dependence, has given rise to several newly appreciated designations within the commensal-to-pathogen spectrum. Accessory pathogens, while inherently commensal in a particular microenvironment, nonetheless enhance the colonization or metabolic activity of pathogens. Keystone pathogens (bacterial drivers or alpha-bugs) exert their influence at low abundance by modulating both the composition and levels of community participants and by manipulating host responses. Pathobionts (or bacterial passengers) exploit disrupted host homeostasis to flourish and promote inflammatory disease. In this review we will discuss how commensal or pathogenic properties of organisms are not intrinsic features, and have to be considered within the context of both the microbial community in which they reside and the host immune status.