Grass aeropollen of the western United States Gulf Coast.
Grass aeropollen of the western United States Gulf Coast.
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美国墨西哥湾西部海岸的草气花粉。
DOI：
10.1159/000236168
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Wedner,HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis,WH;Dixit,AB;Wedner,HJ
体积空气采样在德克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂进行，1987年9月至1989年8月。在1988年的两个主要高峰，一个在5月，另一个在9月和10月期间捕获的花粉占总花粉的15.3%。其余的草花粉，约占总数的四分之一，全年都有发现，冬季和仲夏的水平很低。这种双峰花粉释放对应于两种主要类型的草的开花发生在墨西哥湾沿岸西部地区，冷温带物种，主要是春季开花，长日照光周期性，和更常见的暖温带和亚热带物种开花，大部分在秋季短日照植物。补充已经丰富的草植物群，并增加总气溶胶的高比例是草花粉的长距离传播，发现可能足够高的数量，以触发过敏症状，并导致草花粉症的季节，至少在急性敏感的个人。这发生在3月下旬，远远早于5月的春季高峰。1988年，近干旱条件和花粉脱落减少之间存在相关性，1987年和1989年部分地区的正常降水和更高的花粉脱落，说明了环境因素的重要性，如水分对年度花粉频率和花粉症的水平，可以是可变的，每年不可预测的。可以预测的是，花粉成熟和释放的遗传控制时间通常每年都是相同的。即使草种可能有独特的昼夜花粉脱落，在科珀斯克里斯蒂，那里的频率和物种的多样性是伟大的地方，足够的开花期重叠允许在24小时内不断下雨的环境草花粉。因此，在每年两个花粉散发高峰期和其他时间，一整天暴露于草过敏原的可能性很大。
Volumetric air sampling was performed at Corpus Christi, Tex., September 1987 to August 1989. Grass aeropollen during all of 1988 accounted for 15.3% of total pollen captured during two major peaks, one in May and another during September and October. The remaining grass pollen, about one-quarter of the total, was found throughout the year with low levels in the winter and midsummer. This bimodal pollen release corresponds to the flowering of two major types of grasses occurring in the western Gulf Coast region, the cool temperate species which are predominantly spring flowering in response to long-day photoperiodicity, and the more common warm temperate and subtropical species flowering by and large in the fall as short-day plants. Supplementing the already rich grass flora and adding to the high proportion of total aeropollen was the long distance dispersal of grass pollen found perhaps in sufficiently high quantities to trigger allergic symptoms and to cause grass pollinosis out of season, at least in acutely sensitive individuals. This occurred in late March, well before the spring peak in May. Correlations existed between near-drought conditions and reduced pollen shed in 1988, and normal precipitation and much higher pollen shed during parts of 1987 and 1989, illustrating the importance of environmental factors such as moisture on annual pollen frequency and level of pollinosis which can be variable and annually unpredictable. What is predictable is the genetically controlled timing of pollen maturation and release which will be generally the same year by year. Even though grass species may have unique diurnal shedding of pollen, at localities like Corpus Christi, where frequency and diversity of species are great, sufficient overlaps of anthesis allow a constant rain of ambient grass pollen over a 24-hour period. Thus the potential for day-long exposure to grass allergens during the two annual peak periods of pollen emission and at other times is great.