Trauma Therapists' Clinical Applications, Training, and Personal Practice of Mindfulness and Meditation.
Trauma Therapists' Clinical Applications, Training, and Personal Practice of Mindfulness and Meditation.
复制标题
创伤治疗师的正念和冥想的临床应用、培训和个人实践。
DOI：
10.1007/s12671-016-0497-9
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Iwanicki,Sierra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waelde,LynnC;Thompson,JasonM;Robinson,Alicia;Iwanicki,Sierra
正念和冥想（MM）越来越多地用于创伤治疗，但很少有关于治疗师资格和这些实践的临床应用的研究。我们调查了创伤治疗师（N= 116）关于他们的临床使用，培训和个人实践的MM。大多数受访者报告使用MM在创伤治疗，主要是MM相关的图像和呼吸练习和正念会话或日常生活。近三分之一的人使用基于正念的减压，基于正念的认知疗法或基于正念的复发预防。在所有受访者中，66%的人接受过心理健康（MH）专业人员的培训，16%的人接受过精神导师的专门培训，18%的人没有接受过培训。平均而言，治疗师使用四种类型的MM。不到一半的人保持个人冥想练习，只有9%的人报告每天练习冥想。谁是由MH专业培训的治疗师更有可能将MM整合到创伤心理治疗中;那些谁是由精神导师培训的更有可能教客户使用MM会话之间，并报告更多的个人实践的MM。结果表明，治疗师个人实践和专业培训的标准建议手册化使用的分歧;然而，很少有关于必要的训练和个人实践的指导，以支持MM的个性化使用，如呼吸练习和图像。进一步的研究应解决治疗师培训和个人实践的关系，以临床结果在MM知情的创伤治疗。
Mindfulness and meditation (MM) are increasingly used in trauma treatment, yet there is little research about therapist qualifications and clinical applications of these practices. We surveyed trauma therapists (N= 116) about their clinical uses, training, and personal practice of MM. Most respondents reported use of MM in trauma therapy, primarily MM-related imagery and breathing exercises and mindfulness in session or daily life. Almost a third used mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, or mindfulness-based relapse prevention. Across all respondents, 66 % were trained by a mental health (MH) professional, 16 % were trained exclusively by a spiritual teacher, and 18 % received no training. On average, therapists used four types of MM. Less than half maintained a personal meditation practice and only 9 % reported practicing daily meditation. Therapists who were trained by a MH professional were more likely to integrate MM into trauma psychotherapy; those who were trained by a spiritual teacher were more likely to teach clients to use MM between sessions and reported more personal practice of MM. Results indicate divergence from standard recommendations for therapist personal practice and professional training in manualized uses; however, there is little guidance about requisite training and personal practice to support individualized uses of MM such as breathing exercises and imagery. Further research should address relationships of therapist training and personal practice to clinical outcomes in MM-informed trauma therapy.