Amphetamine toxicities: classical and emerging mechanisms.
Amphetamine toxicities: classical and emerging mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05141.x
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Gudelsky GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamamoto BK;Moszczynska A;Gudelsky GA
滥用的药物，甲基苯丙胺和MDMA，产生生物胺神经传递标志物的长期减少。这些减少传统上与神经末梢有关，并且在各种物种中都很明显，包括啮齿动物，非人类灵长类动物和人类。最近的研究表明，这些药物产生的损害可能比最初认为的更广泛。已经报告了指示几个脑区域中生物源和非生物源含胺神经元的细胞体和构成血脑屏障的内皮细胞的损伤的变化。介导这种损伤的过程不仅涉及氧化应激，还包括兴奋性毒性机制、神经炎症、泛素蛋白酶体系统以及线粒体和神经营养因子功能障碍。这些机制也是与慢性压力和人体免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒）感染有关的毒性的基础，这两种机制都被证明会增加甲基苯丙胺的毒性。总体而言，涉及多种机制并相互作用，以促进甲基苯丙胺和MDMA的神经毒性。此外，与艾滋病毒和/或慢性应激暴露的人滥用替代安非他明的高度巧合表明，这些人对安非他明的神经毒性作用的潜在脆弱性增强。
The drugs of abuse, methamphetamine and MDMA, produce long-term decreases in markers of biogenic amine neurotransmission. These decreases have been traditionally linked to nerve terminals and are evident in a variety of species, including rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans. Recent studies indicate that the damage produced by these drugs may be more widespread than originally believed. Changes indicative of damage to cell bodies of biogenic and nonbiogenic amine–containing neurons in several brain areas and endothelial cells that make up the blood–brain barrier have been reported. The processes that mediate this damage involve not only oxidative stress but also include excitotoxic mechanisms, neuroinflammation, the ubiquitin proteasome system, as well as mitochondrial and neurotrophic factor dysfunction. These mechanisms also underlie the toxicity associated with chronic stress and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, both of which have been shown to augment the toxicity to methamphetamine. Overall, multiple mechanisms are involved and interact to promote neurotoxicity to methamphetamine and MDMA. Moreover, the high coincidence of substituted amphetamine abuse by humans with HIV and/or chronic stress exposure suggests a potential enhanced vulnerability of these individuals to the neurotoxic actions of the amphetamines.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bowyer, John F.;Ali, Syed
通讯作者：
Ali, Syed
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Boger, Heather A.;Middaugh, Lawrence D.;McGinty, Jacqueline F.
通讯作者：
McGinty, Jacqueline F.
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1369.021
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF DRUGS OF ABUSE AND NEUROTOXICITY: COCAINE, GHB, AND SUBSTITUTED AMPHETAMINES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anderson, Karen L.;Itzhak, Yossef
通讯作者：
Itzhak, Yossef
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bowyer, John F.;Robinson, Bonnie;Schmued, Larry C.
通讯作者：
Schmued, Larry C.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Breier, JM;Bankson, MG;Yamamoto, BK
通讯作者：
Yamamoto, BK