FLR-2, the glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit, is involved in the neural control of intestinal functions in Caenorhabditis elegans
FLR-2, the glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit, is involved in the neural control of intestinal functions in Caenorhabditis elegans
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01341.x
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Katsura, Isao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oishi, Akane;Gengyo-Ando, Keiko;Katsura, Isao
在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中，肠道在生物体范围的调节网络中起着至关重要的作用。在秀丽隐杆线虫中，1类flr基因（flr-1、flr-3和flr-4）在肠中起作用并控制生长速率和排便周期，而2类flr基因（flr-2、flr-5、flr-6和flr-7）的特征在于抑制1类flr突变体的缓慢生长的突变。这项研究揭示了flr-2基因控制抗菌防御和肠道颜色，证实了flr-2调节肠道功能。flr-2编码C. elegans，并在某些神经元中表达。此外，FLR-2结合到另一个分泌蛋白GHI-1，它属于一个家庭的脂质和脂多糖结合蛋白。一个ghi-1缺失突变部分抑制了类1 flr突变体的排便周期短，这种效果增强flr-2突变。因此，FLR-2作为神经控制肠功能的信号分子，其在涉及1类和2类flr基因以及ghi-1的功能网络中实现。这些结果为高等动物糖蛋白激素信号转导的研究提供了信息。
The intestine plays an essential role in organism-wide regulatory networks in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In Caenorhabditis elegans, class 1 flr genes (flr-1, flr-3 and flr-4) act in the intestine and control growth rates and defecation cycle periods, while class 2 flr genes (flr-2, flr-5, flr-6 and flr-7) are characterized by mutations that suppress the slow growth of class 1 flr mutants. This study revealed that flr-2 gene controls antibacterial defense and intestinal color, confirming that flr-2 regulates intestinal functions. flr-2 encoded the only glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit in C. elegans and was expressed in certain neurons. Furthermore, FLR-2 bound to another secretory protein GHI-1, which belongs to a family of lipid- and lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins. A ghi-1 deletion mutation partially suppressed the short defecation cycle periods of class 1 flr mutants, and this effect was enhanced by flr-2 mutations. Thus, FLR-2 acts as a signaling molecule for the neural control of intestinal functions, which is achieved in a functional network involving class 1 and class 2 flr genes as well as ghi-1. These results are informative to studies of glycoprotein hormone signaling in higher animals.