The jobs-housing relocation and spatial matching of residents in alleviatory housing neighborhoods in Guangzhou
The jobs-housing relocation and spatial matching of residents in alleviatory housing neighborhoods in Guangzhou
复制标题
广州市救助性住房小区居民职住搬迁与空间匹配
DOI：
10.11821/yj2010100002
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wu Zhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Su;Chen Lu;Wu Zhi
保障性住房是政府为低收入家庭提供的一种住房，已成为我国社会保障体系的重要组成部分之一。通过对广州20世纪90年代发展的塘下、同德等保障性住房小区进行案例分析，检验其工房搬迁和空间错配问题。1996年至2007年间，两个小区的居民类型发生了较大变化，大量转租和转租。保障性住房小区的区位变动、价格相对较低、出入境管理不力等因素导致转售房的出现。相应地，住房主体结构由保障性住房、商品房、转租(分租)房和单位住房组成。保障性住房和商品房居民因机制因素不同，面临着职住搬迁和职住错配的巨大变化。入住政府分配的住房后，职住距离变长。被动职住错配主要是政策驱动和居民自身障碍。后者是指中等收入以上的商品房居民，由于政治福利而被低价房价所吸引，有能力乘坐出租车或私家车来满足长途通勤。职住错配主要是市场驱动和居民的主动选择。与两地居民不同。缓和性住房和商品房、转租（分租）住房和单位住房居民均不存在职房错配问题。前者是在附近工作的居民，大多被低价吸引，后者是从单位获得住房的单位职工。无论是转租（分租）住房居民还是单位代职人员在选择工作住房地点时都会考虑距离较近。保障性住房的转租和转售带来了一定的不公平性，保障性住房和商品房居民的空间错配对居民的生活质量产生了一定的不利影响，有必要对保障性住房政策的优化和实施以及城市结构的优化进行更多的研究。
Alleviatory housing is one kind of houses provided by the government for low-income families.It has become one of the important parts in the social security system of China.By doing a case study in the alleviatory housing neighborhoods named Tangxia and Tongde developed during the 1990s in Guangzhou,the jobs-housing relocation and spatial mismatch are tested.The types of residents in both of the neighborhoods have changed a lot from 1996 to 2007.A large number of sub-rent and re-sold houses came up due to the changing of location,relatively low price and inefficient management about immigration and emigration of this indemnificatory housing community.Accordingly,the main structure of housing consists of alleviatory housing,commercial housing,re-rent(sub-rent) housing and Danwei housing.The residents in alleviatory housing and commercial housing meet with great changes of jobs-housing relocation and jobs-housing mismatch with different mechanism factors.As to alleviatory housing residents,the jobs-housing distance became longer after they moved into the houses allocated by the government.The passive jobs-housing mismatch is mainly driven by policies and the barriers from the residents themselves.In the latter case,commercial housing residents who have an average income or above are attracted by the low price of houses due to the political welfare,and they can afford to take taxi or private cars to meet with the long distance commuting.The jobs-housing mismatch is mainly driven by market and the initiate choice of the residents.Different from the residents in both alleviatory housing and commercial housing,residents in re-rent(sub-rent) housing and Danwei housing do not meet with jobs-housing mismatch problems.The former is the residents who work near the neighborhoods and are mostly attracted by the low price of houses,and the latter is the Danwei employees who get houses from their Danweis.Both residents in re-rent(sub-rent) housing and the Danweis on behalf of their employees would take account into the short distance when they select the jobs-housing places.The sub-renting and re-selling of alleviatory housing have carried some inequity and the spatial mismatch for residents in both alleviatory housing and commercial housing has generated some adverse impact on their quality of lives.It is necessary to conduct more researches on the optimization of the alleviatory housing policies and the implementations,as well as the optimization of urban structure.