Cryptic regulation of vasotocin neuronal activity but not anatomy by sex steroids and social stimuli in opportunistic desert finches.
Cryptic regulation of vasotocin neuronal activity but not anatomy by sex steroids and social stimuli in opportunistic desert finches.
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机会性沙漠雀中催产素神经元活动的隐秘调节，但不是性类固醇和社会刺激的解剖学调节。
DOI：
10.1159/000297522
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goodson,JamesL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kabelik,David;Morrison,JenileeA;Goodson,JamesL
在大多数脊椎动物物种，生产的催产素（VT;非哺乳动物）和加压素（VP;哺乳动物）在内侧床核的终纹（BSTm）的蜡和减弱与季节性的生殖状态，然而，机会主义繁殖的物种可能需要保持高水平的这种行为相关的神经肽全年在预期的不可预测的繁殖机会。我们在这里提供了支持这一假设，并证明这些神经元，而不是通过激素调节其活动水平，这可能会迅速修改，以调整VT信号的“神秘”。首先，我们证明了雄性和雌性斑胸草雀的联合治疗雄激素受体拮抗剂氟替卡松和芳香化酶抑制剂1，4，6-雄甾三烯-3，17-二酮不改变BSTm内VT免疫反应性的表达;但是，在此情况下，激素治疗和社会住房环境（同性与混合性别）改变VT与BSTm中的立即早期基因产物Fos（神经激活的代理标志物）的共定位。在第二个实验中，操纵雌二醇（E2）水平与芳香酶抑制剂来曲唑（LET）或皮下E2植入物未能改变共定位，这表明在实验1中的共定位效果是唯一的雄激素。LET治疗也没有影响VT免疫反应性的方式可逆的E2治疗。最后，VT免疫反应性在几个estrildid物种的繁殖和nonbreeding个人的比较表明，全年稳定的VT免疫反应性只发现在高度机会主义的物种，因此是不是必不可少的长期对债券的维护，这是普遍存在的Estrildidae。
In most vertebrate species, the production of vasotocin (VT; non-mammals) and vasopressin (VP; mammals) in the medial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTm) waxes and wanes with seasonal reproductive state; however, opportunistically breeding species might need to maintain high levels of this behaviorally relevant neuropeptide year-round in anticipation of unpredictable breeding opportunities. We here provide support for this hypothesis and demonstrate that these neurons are instead regulated ‘cryptically’via hormonal regulation of their activity levels, which may be rapidly modified to adjust VT signaling. First, we show that combined treatment of male and female zebra finches (Estrildidae: Taeniopygia guttata) with the androgen receptor antagonist flutamide and the aromatase inhibitor 1, 4, 6-androstatriene-3, 17-dione does not alter the expression of VT immunoreactivity within the BSTm; however, both hormonal treatment and social housing environment (same-sex versus mixed-sex) alter VT colocalization with the immediate early gene product Fos (a proxy marker of neural activation) in the BSTm. In a second experiment, manipulations of estradiol (E2) levels with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LET) or subcutaneous E2 implants failed to alter colocalization, suggesting that the colocalization effects in experiment 1 were solely androgenic. LET treatment also did not affect VT immunoreactivity in a manner reversible by E2 treatment. Finally, comparisons of VT immunoreactivity in breeding and nonbreeding individuals of several estrildid species demonstrate that year-round stability of VT immunoreactivity is found only in highly opportunistic species, and is therefore not essential to the maintenance of long-term pair bonds, which are ubiquitous in the Estrildidae.