Distinct mechanisms for mRNA localization during embryonic axis specification in the wasp Nasonia.

Distinct mechanisms for mRNA localization during embryonic axis specification in the wasp Nasonia.
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黄蜂 Nasonia 胚胎轴规范过程中 mRNA 定位的独特机制。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.03.012
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发表时间:
2007
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Desplan,Claude
Desplan,Claude
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Olesnicky,EugeniaC;Desplan,Claude

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mRNA定位是一种强大的机制,可以将因子靶向到细胞的不同区域,并在果蝇中用于早期胚胎的模式。在黄蜂的卵发生过程中,mRNA定位被广泛用于取代果蝇双头体基因的功能,以启动沿前后轴的模式。Nasonia定位于卵母细胞的尾极和纳米极,而giant mRNA定位于卵母细胞的前极;正畸1 (otd1)位于前后两极。在纳索尼亚卵发生过程中,差异定位mRNA的丰度为研究mRNA定位的不同机制提供了独特的机会。通过对微管网络的药理学破坏,我们发现前otd1和巨端以及后尾端mRNA定位都依赖于微管。相反,当微管断裂时,后方otd1和nanos mRNA正确定位于后方。然而,肌动蛋白在将这两个后部定位的mrna锚定在含有极质的结构上是很重要的。此外,我们发现敲除tudor和Bicaudal-D基因的功能模拟了微管的破坏,这表明都铎基因在纳索蝇中的功能与苍蝇不同,它参与了极质的形成。
mRNA localization is a powerful mechanism for targeting factors to different regions of the cell and is used in Drosophila to pattern the early embryo. During oogenesis of the wasp Nasonia, mRNA localization is used extensively to replace the function of the Drosophila bicoid gene for the initiation of patterning along the antero-posterior axis. Nasonia localizes both caudal and nanos to the posterior pole, whereas giant mRNA is localized to the anterior pole of the oocyte; orthodenticle1 (otd1) is localized to both the anterior and posterior poles. The abundance of differentially localized mRNAs during Nasonia oogenesis provided a unique opportunity to study the different mechanisms involved in mRNA localization. Through pharmacological disruption of the microtubule network, we found that both anterior otd1 and giant, as well as posterior caudal mRNA localization was microtubule-dependent. Conversely, posterior otd1 and nanos mRNA localized correctly to the posterior upon microtubule disruption. However, actin is important in anchoring these two posteriorly localized mRNAs to the oosome, the structure containing the pole plasm. Moreover, we find that knocking down the functions of the genes tudor and Bicaudal-D mimics disruption of microtubules, suggesting that tudor’s function in Nasonia is different from flies, where it is involved in formation of the pole plasm.
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