Effects of temperature and salinity on larval development ofElminius modestus (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from Helgoland (North Sea) and New Zealand
Effects of temperature and salinity on larval development ofElminius modestus (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from Helgoland (North Sea) and New Zealand
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温度和盐度对黑尔戈兰岛（北海）和新西兰 Elminiusmodeus（甲壳纲，Cirripedia）幼虫发育的影响
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发表时间：
1986
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通讯作者：
J. Harms
中科院分区：
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作者：
J. Harms
在不同的盐度和温度组合下饲养四个不同种群（Portobello, Leigh， doubt Bay[新西兰]和Helgoland[北海]）的elminius modestus （Darwin）幼虫。蚊幼虫。来自Helgoland的modestus在温度（6°~ 24°C）和盐度（20 ~ 50‰S）范围内发育成功。死亡率最高，为10‰；只有在12°和18°C时才有一小部分发育成鲤。新西兰产幼虫饲养温度为12°~ 24°C， 20、30、40‰S；在不同盐度下，所有种群的死亡率均随温度的降低而升高，在12°C和40‰s时死亡率极高，温度对幼虫持续时间的影响均可用幂函数来描述。温度对发育时间的影响在不同盐度间无显著差异，但Portobello种群在20‰s处存在差异。来自Helgoland和新西兰北岛的种群在温度对幼虫发育的影响上存在显著差异（Leigh，毋庸置疑湾）。在Helgoland和Portobello人群之间没有发现差异。在20、30和40‰S温度下，新西兰和黑尔哥兰3个被试种群的温度对幼虫发育的影响的汇总数据与20、30和40‰S温度下的汇总数据差异极显著。幼虫大小（期）受实验条件的影响。幼虫在低温条件下逐渐长大，在30‰S（黑尔戈兰）达到最大尺寸。在18°至24°C的温度下，幼虫的大小明显减小。新西兰种群的幼虫小于黑尔戈兰种群的幼虫。波多贝罗和黑尔戈兰的幼虫大小差异最大。
Larvae ofElminius modestus (Darwin) from four different populations (Portobello, Leigh, Doubtless Bay [New Zealand] and Helgoland [North Sea]) were reared at different salinity and temperature combinations. The larvae ofE. modestus from Helgoland developed successfully at a wide range of temperature (6° to 24 °C) and salinity (20 to 50 ‰ S). Mortality was highest at 10 ‰ S; only at 12° and 18 °C did a small percentage develop to the cypris. The larvae from New Zealand were reared at a temperature range of 12°–24 °C at 20, 30 and 40 ‰ S; mortality increased in all populations at all salinities with decreasing temperature and was extremely high at 12 °C and 40 ‰ S. The temperature influence on larval duration could be described in all cases by a power function. No significant differences in temperature influences on developmental times between the tested salinities were found, except for the Portobello population at 20 ‰ S. Significant differences were found in the temperature influence on larval development between the populations from Helgoland and the North Island of New Zealand (Leigh, Doubtless Bay). No differences were found between the Helgoland and Portobello population. The pooled data for the temperature influence on the larval development of the three tested New Zealand populations at 20, 30 and 40 ‰ S and the pooled Helgoland data at 20, 30 and 40 ‰ S show highly significant differences.Larval size (stage VI) was influenced by experimental conditions. The larvae grew bigger at low temperatures and attained their maximum size at 30 ‰ S (Helgoland). There was a strong reduction in larval size at temperatures from 18° to 24 °C. The larvae of the New Zealand populations were smaller than those from Helgoland. The greatest difference in size existed between the larvae from Portobello and Helgoland.