Does Caesarean Section or Preterm Delivery Influence TGF-β2 Concentrations in Human Colostrum?
Does Caesarean Section or Preterm Delivery Influence TGF-β2 Concentrations in Human Colostrum?
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DOI：
10.3390/nu12041095
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Malejczyk, Jacek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kociszewska-Najman, Bozena;Sibanda, Elopy;Malejczyk, Jacek
人初乳 (HC) 是免疫介质的丰富来源，在新生儿的免疫防御中发挥着重要作用。这些介质包括转化生长因子β (TGF-β)，它以三种亚型存在，调节细胞稳态和炎症，可以诱导或抑制免疫反应，限制辅助性 T 细胞 (Th1) 反应并刺激分泌性免疫球蛋白 A (IgA) 的产生。人乳 TGF-β 还可以减少肠道细胞的凋亡并抑制巨噬细胞细胞因子的表达。该研究的目的是确定阴道分娩 (VD) 或剖腹产 (CS) 母亲的 HC 中 TGF-β 2 的浓度，并比较足月 (TB) 或早产 (PB) 母亲的 HC 浓度。在这项研究中，56% 的早产是通过 CS 分娩的。对华沙医科大学第一妇产科分娩的 299 名妇女的 HC 中 TGF-β 2 浓度进行了测量：192 名 (VD)、107 名 (CS)、251 名 (TB) 和 48 名 (PB)。初乳样本在产后 5 天内采集。使用 Quantikine ELISA 试剂盒-人 TGF-β 2（货号 SB250）通过酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 测试测量 HC 中的 TGF-β 2 水平。使用 StatSoft Statistica 13 软件通过 Student t 检验计算组间的统计显着性。足月分娩或早产患者的平均 TGF-β2 浓度具有可比性。 HC 中的 TGF-β 2 水平在早产后高于足月，分别为 4648 ng/mL 和 3899 ng/mL (p = 0.1244)。通过 CS 的递送与较高的 HC 浓度的 TGF-β 2 相关。CS 后 HC 中的 TGF-β 2 水平显着高于 VD（7429 vs. 5240 ng/mL；p = 0.0017）。这项研究的数据表明：剖腹产与 HC 中 TGF-β 2 水平升高有关。早产妇女中 TGF-β2 水平升高需要进一步研究。剖腹产和早产后母亲尽早进行纯母乳喂养，并使用含有高 TGF-β 2 水平的初乳，可以防止经常定植于胃肠道的病原体的负面影响，并可以降低该组患者患慢性病的风险。
Human colostrum (HC) is a rich source of immune mediators that play a role in immune defences of a newly born infant. The mediators include transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) which exists in three isoforms that regulate cellular homeostasis and inflammation, can induce or suppress immune responses, limit T helper 1 cells (Th1) reactions and stimulate secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) production. Human milk TGF-beta also decreases apoptosis of intestinal cells and suppresses macrophage cytokine expression. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of TGF-beta 2 in HC obtained from the mothers who delivered vaginally (VD) or by caesarean section (CS), and to compare the concentrations in HC from mothers who delivered at term (TB) or preterm (PB). In this study, 56% of preterm pregnancies were delivered via CS. The concentrations of TGF-beta 2 were measured in HC from 299 women who delivered in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw: 192 (VD), 107 (CS), 251 (TB), and 48 (PB). The colostrum samples were collected within 5 days post-partum. TGF-beta 2 levels in HC were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test with the Quantikine ELISA Kit-Human TGF-beta 2 (cat.no. SB250). Statistical significance between groups was calculated by the Student t-test using StatSoft Statistica 13 software. The mean TGF-beta 2 concentration in patients who delivered at term or preterm were comparable. The levels of TGF-beta 2 in HC were higher after preterm than term being 4648 vs. 3899 ng/mL (p = 0.1244). The delivery via CS was associated with higher HC concentrations of TGF-beta 2. The levels of TGF-beta 2 were significantly higher in HC after CS than VD (7429 vs. 5240 ng/mL; p = 0.0017). The data from this study suggest: caesarean section was associated with increased levels of TGF-beta 2 in HC. The increased levels of TGF-beta 2 in HC of women who delivered prematurely require further research. Early and exclusive breast-feeding by mothers after caesarean section and premature births with colostrum containing high TGF-beta 2 levels may prevent the negative impact of pathogens which often colonize the gastrointestinal tract and may reduce the risk of chronic diseases in this group of patients.