A global network for operational flood risk reduction
A global network for operational flood risk reduction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2018.03.014
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Salamon, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alfieri, Lorenzo;Cohen, Sagy;Salamon, Peter
由于大量人口暴露在洪泛区和缺乏适当的防洪措施，每年河流洪水影响发展中国家数百万人。备灾和监测是减少洪水风险的有效方法。依靠卫星遥感以及数值水文和天气预测的最新技术可以探测和监测全球范围的严重洪水事件。本文介绍了全球洪水伙伴关系（GFP）的新兴作用，这是一个由活跃在全球洪水风险管理中的科学家、用户、私人和公共组织组成的全球网络。目前，GFP的一些成员机构定期分享其实验产品的结果，这些产品是为了近实时地预测和监测洪水发生的地点和时间而开发的。国家环境机构和人道主义组织已多次使用全球绿色伙伴关系的洪水产品，以支持紧急行动，减少灾害的总体社会经济影响。本文介绍了一系列的全球洪水产品开发的绿色荧光蛋白的合作伙伴，以及这些如何提供补充信息，以支持和改善目前的全球洪水风险管理的大规模灾难。我们还讨论了现有的挑战和前进的方向，把目前的实验产品变成一个综合的洪水风险管理平台，以提高快速获取洪水信息，并提高抵御洪水事件在全球范围内。
Every year riverine flooding affects millions of people in developing countries, due to the large population exposure in the floodplains and the lack of adequate flood protection measures. Preparedness and monitoring are effective ways to reduce flood risk. State-of-the-art technologies relying on satellite remote sensing as well as numerical hydrological and weather predictions can detect and monitor severe flood events at a global scale. This paper describes the emerging role of the Global Flood Partnership (GFP), a global network of scientists, users, private and public organizations active in global flood risk management. Currently, a number of GFP member institutes regularly share results from their experimental products, developed to predict and monitor where and when flooding is taking place in near real-time. GFP flood products have already been used on several occasions by national environmental agencies and humanitarian organizations to support emergency operations and to reduce the overall socio-economic impacts of disasters. This paper describes a range of global flood products developed by GFP partners, and how these provide complementary information to support and improve current global flood risk management for large scale catastrophes. We also discuss existing challenges and ways forward to turn current experimental products into an integrated flood risk management platform to improve rapid access to flood information and increase resilience to flood events at global scale.