[Influenza virus receptors in the human airway].
[Influenza virus receptors in the human airway].
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DOI：
10.2222/jsv.56.85
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发表时间：
2006-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Shinya;Y. Kawaoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Shinya;Y. Kawaoka
甲型禽流感（H5N1）病毒感染已导致100多人死亡；然而，人与人之间的传播很少见。我们证明，人类上呼吸道的上皮细胞主要含有通过α2,6键与半乳糖连接的唾液酸（SAα2,6Gal），这是人类病毒优先识别的分子。然而，呼吸细支气管和肺泡中的许多细胞都含有SA α 2,3Gal，它优先被禽病毒识别。这些事实与H5N1病毒可以直接从鸟类传播给人类并导致人类严重下呼吸道损伤的观察结果相一致。此外，受体流行率的这种解剖学差异可以解释为什么 H5N1 病毒在人类中的传播有限。然而，由于一些从人类身上分离出来的H5N1病毒能够识别人类病毒受体，因此这些病毒必须需要进行额外的改变才能获得有效的人际传播能力。
Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infections have resulted in more than 100 human deaths; yet, human-to-human transmission is rare. We demonstrated that the epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract of humans mainly possess sialic acid linked to galactose by alpha 2,6 linkages (SA alpha 2,6Gal), a molecule preferentially recognized by human viruses. However, many cells in the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli possess SA alpha 2,3Gal, which is preferentially recognized by avian viruses. These facts are consistent with the observation that H5N1 viruses can be directly transmitted from birds to humans and cause serious lower respiratory tract damage in humans. Furthermore, this anatomical difference in receptor prevalence may explain why the spread of H5N1 viruses among humans is limited. However, since some H5N1 viruses isolated from humans recognize human virus receptors, additional changes must be required for these viruses to acquire the ability for efficient human-to-human transmission.