Host defense peptides in skin secretions of the Oregon spotted frog Rana pretiosa: Implications for species resistance to chytridiomycosis
Host defense peptides in skin secretions of the Oregon spotted frog Rana pretiosa: Implications for species resistance to chytridiomycosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2011.01.017
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Padgett-Flohr, Gretchen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conlon, J. Michael;Mechkarska, Milena;Padgett-Flohr, Gretchen
由于壶菌病，来自北美西部的Amerana（Rana boylii）物种组的青蛙数量下降特别严重。去甲肾上腺素刺激的俄勒冈州斑点蛙的皮肤分泌物Baird和吉拉德（1853）收集自先前感染病原体树枝状芽孢杆菌的个体，但已证明对发展中的壶菌病具有抗性。这些分泌物中含有比在Amerana组的其他物种中发现的更多样化的抗菌肽阵列，并且以纯形式分离出14种肽。通过测定其一级结构，将肽鉴定为七叶素-2PRa和-2PRb：ranatuerin-2 PRa、-2PRb、-2PRc、-2PRd和-2PRe; brevinin-1 PRa、-1PRb、-1PRc和-1PRd;以及temporin-PRa、-PRb和-PRc。强阳离子的Ranatuerin-2 PRd和esculentin-2肽，除了与R. luteiventris对微生物显示出最高的生长抑制效力。强疏水性的brevinin-1 PRd对红细胞的细胞毒性最强。虽然一个物种皮肤抗菌肽的产生与其对致死性壶菌病的抗性之间没有明显的相关性，但这些肽在R。pretiosa可能是保护物种免受环境病原体如B侵害的关键。树枝状的(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Population declines due to chytridiomycosis among frogs belonging to the Amerana (Rana boylii) species group from western North America have been particularly severe. Norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from the Oregon spotted frog Rana pretiosa Baird and Girard, 1853 were collected from individuals that had been previously infected with the causative agent Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis but had proved resistant to developing chytridiomycosis. These secretions contained a more diverse array of antimicrobial peptides than found in other species from the Amerana group and 14 peptides were isolated in pure form. Determination of their primary structures identified the peptides as esculentin-2PRa and -2PRb: ranatuerin-2PRa, -2PRb, -2PRc, -2PRd, and -2PRe; brevinin-1PRa, -1PRb, -1PRc, and -1PRd; and temporin-PRa, -PRb, and -PRc. The strongly cationic ranatuerin-2PRd and the esculentin-2 peptides, which have not been identified in the secretions of other Amerana species except for the closely related R. luteiventris, showed the highest growth inhibitory potency against microorganisms. The strongly hydrophobic brevinin-1PRd was the most cytotoxic to erythrocytes. Although no clear correlation exists between production of dermal antimicrobial peptides by a species and its resistance to fatal chytridiomycosis, the diversity of these peptides in R. pretiosa may be pivotal in defending the species against environmental pathogens such as B. dendrobatidis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.