The Circumstellar Environments of Double-peaked, Calcium-strong Transients 2021gno and 2021inl-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.3847/1538-4357/ac67dc

发表时间：

2022-03

期刊：

The Astrophysical Journal

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

W. Jacobson-Galán;P. Venkatraman;R. Margutti;D. Khatami;G. Terreran;R. Foley;R. Angulo;C. Angus;K. Auchettl;P. Blanchard;A. Bobrick;J. Bright;D. Brout;K. Chambers;C. Couch;D. Coulter;K. Clever;K. Davis;T. D. de Boer;L. DeMarchi;S. Dodd;D. Jones;J. Johnson;C. Kilpatrick;N. Khetan;Z. Lai;D. Langeroodi;C.-C. Lin-C.;E. Magnier;D. Milisavljevic;H. Perets;J. Pierel;J. Raymond;S. Rest;A. Rest;R. Ridden-Harper;K. Shen;M. Siebert;C. Smith;Kirsty Taggart;S. Tinyanont;F. Valdes;V. Villar;Q. Wang;S. Yadavalli;Y. Zenati;A. Zenteno

我们目前的全色观测和建模的钙强超新星（SNe）2021 gno在恒星形成的宿主星系NGC 4165和2021 inl在椭圆星系NGC 4923的郊区，都通过年轻的超新星实验瞬态调查监测。两者的光变曲线都有两个峰，前一个峰来自激波冷却辐射（SCE）和/或激波与星周物质的相互作用（CSM）。SN 2021 gno的主峰与Swift-XRT在爆炸后δ t = 1天检测到的明亮、快速衰减的X射线发射（lx = 5 × 1041 erg s−1）相一致，这是有史以来第二次从钙强瞬变中检测到X射线。我们在激波与CSM相互作用的背景下解释了X射线发射，CSM延伸到r 1016 cm），质量损失率M现在<10−4 M yr−1。两个主要光变曲线峰的SCE模型表明扩展的祖先包层质量Me = 0.02−0.05 M <$，半径Re = 30−230 R <$。爆炸性质表明，祖先系统包含一个低质量的大质量星星或白色（WD），前者不太可能由于缺乏本地星星的形成。此外，这两个SNe的环境是一致的低质量混合He/C/O WD + C/O WD合并。

We present panchromatic observations and modeling of calcium-strong supernovae (SNe) 2021gno in the star-forming host-galaxy NGC 4165 and 2021inl in the outskirts of elliptical galaxy NGC 4923, both monitored through the Young Supernova Experiment transient survey. The light curves of both, SNe show two peaks, the former peak being derived from shock cooling emission (SCE) and/or shock interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). The primary peak in SN 2021gno is coincident with luminous, rapidly decaying X-ray emission (L x = 5 × 1041 erg s−1) detected by Swift-XRT at δ t = 1 day after explosion, this observation being the second-ever detection of X-rays from a calcium-strong transient. We interpret the X-ray emission in the context of shock interaction with CSM that extends to r 1016 cm) and mass-loss rate of Ṁ<10−4 M ⊙ yr−1. SCE modeling of both primary light-curve peaks indicates an extended-progenitor envelope mass M e = 0.02−0.05 M ⊙ and radius R e = 30−230 R ⊙. The explosion properties suggest progenitor systems containing either a low-mass massive star or a white dwarf (WD), the former being unlikely given the lack of local star formation. Furthermore, the environments of both SNe are consistent with low-mass hybrid He/C/O WD + C/O WD mergers.

The Circumstellar Environments of Double-peaked, Calcium-strong Transients 2021gno and 2021inl

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