Attitudes and beliefs about secondhand smoke and smoke-free policies in four countries: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey
Attitudes and beliefs about secondhand smoke and smoke-free policies in four countries: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntp063
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Cummings, K. Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hyland, Andrew;Higbee, Cheryl;Cummings, K. Michael
本文描述了四个国家具有代表性的吸烟者样本中吸烟政策的不同水平，并研究了这些政策与随着时间的推移对二手烟态度和信念的变化之间的关系。我们报告了在调查期间受雇的5788名参加国际烟草控制四国调查第一波的受访者的数据。对这些受访者中的一组进行了跟踪调查，两次调查相隔大约12个月。受访者对二手烟的态度和信念以及他们所在社区的工作场所和酒吧和餐馆的自我报告的政策进行了全方位的评估。在研究期间，所有国家的工作场所、餐馆和酒吧的全面无烟政策水平都有所上升，2004年加拿大最高(30%)，英国最低(0%)。在横断面和纵向分析中，更强的二手烟政策与更有利的态度和对全面法规的支持有关。在所有三次调查中，报告了餐厅、酒吧和工作场所的全面政策的吸烟者的关联性最强。随着时间的推移，全面无烟政策正在增加，更强有力的政策和围绕这些政策通过的公共教育机会与对二手烟法规的更有利态度有关。这对政策制定者的影响是，尽管最初关于无烟政策的辩论可能会很激烈，但一旦人们理解了实施无烟政策的理由并体验到了它们的好处，公众的支持就会增加，甚至在吸烟者中也会增加，对无烟法规的遵守也会随着时间的推移而增加。
This paper describes the varying levels of smoking policies in nationally representative samples of smokers in four countries and examines how these policies are associated with changes in attitudes and beliefs about secondhand smoke over time.We report data on 5,788 respondents to Wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey who were employed at the time of the survey. A cohort of these respondents was followed up with two additional survey waves approximately 12 months apart. Respondents' attitudes and beliefs about secondhand smoke as well as self-reported policies in their workplace and in bars and restaurants in their community were assessed at all waves.The level of comprehensive smoke-free policies in workplaces, restaurants, and bars increased over the study period for all countries combined and was highest in Canada (30%) and lowest in the United Kingdom (0%) in 2004. In both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, stronger secondhand smoke policies were associated with more favorable attitudes and support for comprehensive regulations. The associations were the strongest for smokers who reported comprehensive policies in restaurants, bars, and their workplace for all three survey waves.Comprehensive smoke-free policies are increasing over time, and stronger policies and the public education opportunities surrounding their passage are associated with more favorable attitudes toward secondhand smoke regulations. The implication for policy makers is that, although the initial debate over smoke-free policies may be tumultuous, once people understand the rationale for implementing smoke-free policies and experience their benefits, public support increases even among smokers, and compliance with smoke-free regulations increases over time.