True navigation and magnetic maps in spiny lobsters
True navigation and magnetic maps in spiny lobsters
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DOI：
10.1038/nature01226
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发表时间：
2003-01-02
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Lohmann, KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boles, LC;Lohmann, KJ
如果动物在转移到从未去过的位置后能够确定自己相对于目标的位置，而无需依赖熟悉的环境、目的地发出的提示或在外出旅程中收集的信息，那么它们就能够进行真正的导航(1,2)。到目前为止，只有少数动物（所有脊椎动物）被证明具有真正的导航能力(3)。经过仔细研究的少数无脊椎动物使用路径整合、地标识别、罗盘定向和其他无法补偿进入陌生领域的位移的机制返回目标区域(4,5)。然而，我们在这里报告，即使在途中失去了所有已知的方向线索，当大螯虾转移到 12-37 公里外的陌生地点时，它们仍能可靠地朝向捕获地点。人们对龙虾和其他动物在真正的导航过程中如何确定位置知之甚少。为了检验龙虾从地球磁场中获取位置信息的假设，龙虾被暴露在复制其环境中特定位置存在的磁场中。在捕获地点以北的田野中进行测试的龙虾朝南，而在捕获地点以南的田野中进行测试的龙虾则朝北。这些结果表明，大龙虾以及其他动物的真正导航是基于磁力地图感知的。
Animals are capable of true navigation if, after displacement to a location where they have never been, they can determine their position relative to a goal without relying on familiar surroundings, cues that emanate from the destination, or information collected during the outward journey(1,2). So far, only a few animals, all vertebrates, have been shown to possess true navigation(3). Those few invertebrates that have been carefully studied return to target areas using path integration, landmark recognition, compass orientation and other mechanisms that cannot compensate for displacements into unfamiliar territory(4,5). Here we report, however, that the spiny lobster Panulirus argus oriented reliably towards a capture site when displaced 12-37 km to unfamiliar locations, even when deprived of all known orientation cues en route. Little is known about how lobsters and other animals determine position during true navigation. To test the hypothesis that lobsters derive positional information from the Earth's magnetic field, lobsters were exposed to fields replicating those that exist at specific locations in their environment. Lobsters tested in a field north of the capture site oriented themselves southwards, whereas those tested in a field south of the capture site oriented themselves northwards. These results imply that true navigation in spiny lobsters, and perhaps in other animals, is based on a magnetic map sense.