The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review
The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review
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DOI：
10.1093/neuonc/nou087
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ostrom, Quinn T.;Bauchet, Luc;Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S.
胶质瘤是最常见的原发性颅内肿瘤，占恶性脑肿瘤的81%。虽然相对罕见，但它们造成了严重的死亡率和发病率。胶质母细胞瘤是最常见的胶质瘤组织学类型（占所有胶质瘤的45%），其5年相对生存率约为5%。这些肿瘤中的一小部分是由孟德尔失调引起的，包括神经纤维瘤病、结节性硬化症和Li-Fraumeni综合征。神经胶质瘤的基因组分析也为风险和预后提供了新的证据。最近发现的生物标志物，表明改善生存包括O-6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶甲基化，异柠檬酸脱氢酶突变，和胶质瘤胞嘧啶磷酸鸟嘌呤岛甲基化表型。全基因组关联研究已经确定了7个基因内的可遗传风险等位基因，这些等位基因与神经胶质瘤风险增加相关。许多危险因素已被检查为胶质瘤风险的潜在贡献者。最重要的是，这些包括电离辐射暴露的风险增加和过敏或特应性疾病史的风险降低。还对职业照射和移动电话的潜在影响进行了研究，但结果不确定。我们提供了一个“国家的科学”审查的原因和危险因素的成人胶质瘤目前的研究。
Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor, representing 81% of malignant brain tumors. Although relatively rare, they cause significant mortality and morbidity. Glioblastoma, the most common glioma histology (similar to 45% of all gliomas), has a 5-year relative survival of similar to 5%. A small portion of these tumors are caused by Mendelian disorders, including neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Genomic analyses of glioma have also produced new evidence about risk and prognosis. Recently discovered biomarkers that indicate improved survival include O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, and a glioma cytosine-phosphate-guanine island methylator phenotype. Genome-wide association studies have identified heritable risk alleles within 7 genes that are associated with increased risk of glioma. Many risk factors have been examined as potential contributors to glioma risk. Most significantly, these include an increase in risk by exposure to ionizing radiation and a decrease in risk by history of allergies or atopic disease(s). The potential influence of occupational exposures and cellular phones has also been examined, with inconclusive results. We provide a "state of the science" review of current research into causes and risk factors for gliomas in adults.