ACID VOLATILE SULFIDE PREDICTS THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF CADMIUM AND NICKEL IN SEDIMENTS
ACID VOLATILE SULFIDE PREDICTS THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF CADMIUM AND NICKEL IN SEDIMENTS
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DOI：
10.1021/es00025a009
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
ANKLEY, GT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DITORO, DM;MAHONY, JD;ANKLEY, GT
使用添加了淡水和海洋沉积物的两足类、寡毛类和蜗牛，以及从EPA超级基金站点收集的受污染沉积物进行的实验室毒性测试表明，如果沉积物中酸挥发性硫化物(AVS)的摩尔浓度大于同时提取的镉和/或镍的摩尔浓度，与对照相比，不会发生显著的死亡。虽然众所周知，这些金属可以形成不溶的硫化物，但显然还没有意识到AVS是一个活性的固相硫化物池，可以与金属结合，使该部分不可用，对生物群无毒。因此，沉积物中的AVS浓度确定了这些金属在淡水和海洋沉积物中不再表现出急性毒性的边界。
Laboratory toxicity tests using amphipods, oligochaetes, and snails with spiked freshwater and marine sediments and with contaminated sediments collected from an EPA Superfund site demonstrate that no significant mortality occurs relative to controls if the molar concentration of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in the sediment is greater than the molar concentration of simultaneously extracted cadmium and/or nickel. Although it is well-known that these metals can form insoluble sulfides, it apparently has not been realized that AVS is a reactive pool of solid-phase sulfide that is available to bind metals and render that portion unavailable and nontoxic to biota. Thus, the AVS concentration of a sediment establishes the boundary below which these metals cease to exhibit an acute toxicity in freshwater and marine sediments.