Definitions and predictors of successful aging: A comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies
Definitions and predictors of successful aging: A comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies
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DOI：
10.1097/01.jgp.0000192501.03069.bc
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Jeste, DV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Depp, CA;Jeste, DV
目的：对于“成功衰老”，目前还没有一致的定义。我们的目的是回顾关于符合标准的受试者比例和成功衰老定义的个别组成部分以及这些定义的相关性的文献。方法：我们对已发表的英文同行评议的关于60岁以上成年人的基于数据的研究报告进行了文献检索，其中包括对成功老龄化的可操作性定义。作者对这些定义的组成部分和与成功老龄化相关的独立变量(例如，性别、教育和社会接触)进行了分类。结果：作者确定了28项符合我们标准的29种不同定义的研究。大多数调查使用了居住在社区的老年人的大样本。平均报告的成功老年人比例为35.8%(标准差：19.8)，但差异很大(四分位数范围：31%)。确定了这些定义的多个组成部分，尽管29个定义中有26个包括残疾/身体功能。成功老龄化的各种定义中最常见的显著相关因素是年龄(年轻-老年)、不吸烟、无残疾、关节炎和糖尿病。在更多的体力活动，更多的社交，更好的自我评估健康，没有抑郁和认知障碍，以及更少的医疗条件方面，发现了适度的支持。性别、收入、教育程度和婚姻状况通常与成功老龄化无关。结论：尽管定义之间存在差异，但大约三分之一的老年人被成功地归类为老龄化。这些定义中的大多数是基于没有残疾，较少包括心理社会变量。成功衰老的预测因素各不相同，但指出了几个潜在的可修改的目标，以增加成功衰老的可能性。
Objective: There is no consensual definition of "successful aging." Our aim was to review the literature on proportions of subjects meeting criteria and individual components of definitions of successful aging as well as correlates of these definitions. Methods: We conducted a literature search for published English-language peer-reviewed reports of data-based studies of adults over age 60 that included an operationalized definition of successful aging. The authors categorized the components of these definitions and independent variables examined in relation to successful aging (e.g., gender, education, and social contacts). Results: The authors identified 28 studies with 29 different definitions that met our criteria. Most investigations used large samples of community-dwelling older adults. The mean reported proportion of successful agers was 35.8% ( standard deviation: 19.8) but varied widely (interquartile range: 31%). Multiple components of these definitions were identified, although 26 of 29 included disability/physical functioning. The most frequent significant correlates of the various definitions of successful aging were age (young-old), nonsmoking, and absence of disability, arthritis, and diabetes. Moderate support was found for greater physical activity, more social contacts, better self-rated health, absence of depression and cognitive impairment, and fewer medical conditions. Gender, income, education, and marital status generally did not relate to successful aging. Conclusion: Despite variability among definitions, approximately one-third of elderly individuals were classified as aging successfully. The majority of these definitions were based on the absence of disability with lesser inclusion of psychosocial variables. Predictors of successful aging varied yet point to several potentially modifiable targets for increasing the likelihood of successful aging.