Speech intelligibility and spatial release from masking in young children
Speech intelligibility and spatial release from masking in young children
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1873913
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Litovsky, RY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Litovsky, RY
4至7岁的儿童和成年人进行了测试，在自由场的语音清晰度使用四个可选的被迫选择范式与spondees。目标语音从前方（0度）呈现;语音或调制语音成形噪声竞争者在前方或右侧（90度）。使用三下/一上算法自适应地测量语音接收阈值。儿童和成人之间的主要差异是在安静和所有掩蔽条件下儿童的阈值升高。对于两个年龄组，言语噪声与言语竞争者以及两个与一个竞争者的掩蔽更大。与右侧相比，当竞争对手位于前方时，掩蔽也更大。掩蔽量在两个年龄组之间没有差异。掩蔽的空间释放在两个年龄组中是相似的，除了在一个语音条件下，儿童比成人更大。这些研究结果表明，类似于成年人，幼儿能够利用空间和/或头部阴影线索，在嘈杂的环境中分离声音。本文还讨论了这些措施在听力障碍儿童研究中的潜在效用。(c)2005年美国声学学会。
Children between the ages of 4 and 7 and adults were tested in free field on speech intelligibility using a four-alternative forced choice paradigm with spondees. Target speech was presented from front (0 degrees); speech or modulated speech-shaped-noise competitors were either in front or on the right (90 degrees). Speech reception thresholds were measured adaptively using a three-down/one-up algorithm. The primary difference between children and adults was seen in elevated thresholds in children in quiet and in all masked conditions. For both age groups, masking was greater with the speech-noise versus speech competitor and with two versus one competitor(s). Masking was also greater when the competitors were located in front compared with the right. The amount of masking did not differ across the two age groups. Spatial release from masking was similar in the two age groups, except for in the one-speech condition, when it was greater in children than adults. These findings suggest that, similar to adults, young children are able to utilize spatial and/or head shadow cues to segregate sounds in noisy environments. The potential utility of the measures used here for studying hearing-impaired children is also discussed. (c) 2005 Acoustical Society of America.