Remodeling of alveolar septa after murine pneumonectomy.
Remodeling of alveolar septa after murine pneumonectomy.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajplung.00042.2015
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发表时间：
2015-06
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通讯作者：
A. Ysasi;W. Wagner;R. Bennett;M. Ackermann;C. Valenzuela;Janeil M. Belle;A. Tsuda;M. Konerding;S. Mentzer
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作者：
A. Ysasi;W. Wagner;R. Bennett;M. Ackermann;C. Valenzuela;Janeil M. Belle;A. Tsuda;M. Konerding;S. Mentzer
在大多数哺乳动物中，切除一个肺（肺切除术）会导致剩余肺的代偿性生长。在小鼠中，体视学观察表明成熟肺泡数量增加;然而，肺泡生长早期阶段的解剖学证据仍然难以捉摸。为了确定与新肺泡形成相关的肺微观结构的变化，我们使用组织学、电子显微镜和同步辐射成像来检查小鼠肺切除术后肺泡管的构型。对心叶的系统组织学检查表明，二面角成分（末端、弯曲和连接）的相对频率没有变化（P > 0.05），但间隔末端子集（“E”）的长度显著减少。肺切除术后第3天，20-30%的肺泡管中观察到间隔收缩最大（P < 0.01），并在3周内恢复到基线水平。肺切除术后3天，除清洁剂处理的肺外，与所有对照组相比，肺切除术后肺泡管直径比（Dout：Din）显著降低，这与间隔回缩一致（P < 0.001）。为了识别由间隔牵开预测的成团毛细血管，通过扫描电子显微镜和同步加速器成像分析的血管铸型显示了肺切除术后3天最明显的缠结毛细血管。数值模拟表明，间隔回缩可以反映肺泡管内表面张力的增加，导致在更高的总能量和更低的表面积的新的平衡。这些微结构变化与肺切除术后肺生长的空间和时间相关性表明，这些变化代表了肺泡管重塑的早期阶段。
In most mammals, removing one lung (pneumonectomy) results in the compensatory growth of the remaining lung. In mice, stereological observations have demonstrated an increase in the number of mature alveoli; however, anatomic evidence of the early phases of alveolar growth has remained elusive. To identify changes in the lung microstructure associated with neoalveolarization, we used tissue histology, electron microscopy, and synchrotron imaging to examine the configuration of the alveolar duct after murine pneumonectomy. Systematic histological examination of the cardiac lobe demonstrated no change in the relative frequency of dihedral angle components (Ends, Bends, and Junctions) (P > 0.05), but a significant decrease in the length of a subset of septal ends ("E"). Septal retraction, observed in 20-30% of the alveolar ducts, was maximal on day 3 after pneumonectomy (P < 0.01) and returned to baseline levels within 3 wk. Consistent with septal retraction, the postpneumonectomy alveolar duct diameter ratio (Dout:Din) was significantly lower 3 days after pneumonectomy compared to all controls except for the detergent-treated lung (P < 0.001). To identify clumped capillaries predicted by septal retraction, vascular casting, analyzed by both scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron imaging, demonstrated matted capillaries that were most prominent 3 days after pneumonectomy. Numerical simulations suggested that septal retraction could reflect increased surface tension within the alveolar duct, resulting in a new equilibrium at a higher total energy and lower surface area. The spatial and temporal association of these microstructural changes with postpneumonectomy lung growth suggests that these changes represent an early phase of alveolar duct remodeling.