Circadian rhythms in diet and habitat use in red ruffed lemurs (Varecia rubra) and white-fronted brown lemurs (Eulemur fulvus albifrons).
Circadian rhythms in diet and habitat use in red ruffed lemurs (Varecia rubra) and white-fronted brown lemurs (Eulemur fulvus albifrons).
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红领狐猴 (Varecia rubra) 和白额棕色狐猴 (Eulemur fulvus albifrons) 的饮食和栖息地利用的昼夜节律。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
N. Vasey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Vasey
脊椎动物生态位利用的日常变化归因于多种因素，包括体温调节、生殖和营养需求。Lemuriform灵长类动物表现出许多与体温调节和快速季节性繁殖相关的行为和生理适应，但它们很少成为生态位使用中昼夜节律定量分析的对象。在这项研究中，我记录了两种同域食果狐猴的日常饮食节奏和微栖息地的使用，这两种狐猴分别是白斑狐猴和黄狐猴。在病灶动物的5 min时间点记录日粮、林位和林高数据，并将其分为3个时间段（06:00-10:00、10:00-14:00和14:00-18:00）进行分析。我采用了多变量独立检验，根据性别、季节和生殖阶段检查饮食和微生境使用的日常节奏。在白天，红枫以果实为食，栖息在树冠的上部，在炎热的季节、妊娠期和哺乳期会有明显的离开（尤其是雌性）。白斑e.f.在食物选择和微栖息地的使用上有不同的日常节律，特别是在不同的季节，两性也同样多变。这些饮食和微生境的日常节律似乎与体温调节和营养需求、季节性食物供应和植物（可能还有昆虫）适口性的昼夜节律、捕食者躲避策略以及在瓦蕾西亚的情况下与繁殖有关。红叶猴的日常食物选择节律支持了两个先前提出的假说，这些假说解释了为什么灵长类动物在一天的晚些时候会消耗更多的非水果类食物，而白叶猴的昼夜节律变化太大，无法支持这些假说。
Daily variation in niche use among vertebrates is attributed to a variety of factors, including thermoregulatory, reproductive, and nutritional requirements. Lemuriform primates exhibit many behavioral and physiological adaptations related to thermoregulation and sharp, seasonal reproduction, yet they have rarely been subjects of a quantitative analysis of circadian (or daily) rhythms in niche use. In this study, I document daily rhythms in diet and microhabitat use over an annual cycle in two sympatric, frugivorous lemurs, Varecia rubra and Eulemur fulvus albifrons. Data on diet, forest site, and forest height were recorded at 5-min time points on focal animals and divided into three time blocks for analysis (06:00-10:00 hr, 10:00-14:00 hr, and 14:00-18:00 hr). I employed multivariate tests of independence to examine daily rhythms in diet and microhabitat use according to sex, season, and reproductive stage. Throughout the day, V. rubra is frugivorous and dwells in the upper canopy, with notable departures (especially for females) during the hot seasons, gestation, and lactation. E. f. albifrons has heterogeneous daily rhythms of food choice and microhabitat use, particularly across seasons, and both sexes are equally variable. These daily rhythms in diet and microhabitat use appear related to thermoregulatory and nutritional requirements, seasonal food availability and circadian rhythms of plant (and possibly insect) palatability, predator avoidance tactics, and in the case of Varecia, to reproduction. Daily rhythms of food choice in V. rubra support two previously suggested hypotheses explaining why primates consume more nonfruit items late in the day, whereas those of E. f. albifrons are too variable to lend support to these hypotheses.