Effects of ovarian hormones on cognitive function in nonhuman primates
Effects of ovarian hormones on cognitive function in nonhuman primates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.006
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lacreuse, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lacreuse, A
几项研究表明，雌激素有利于口头记忆，降低女性患阿尔茨海默病的风险，并改善动物模型的认知功能。然而，妇女健康倡议记忆研究的负面结果挑战了使用雌激素作为预防与年龄相关的认知衰退的保护剂的基本原理。鉴于妇女健康倡议记忆研究的局限性，很明显，我们对雌激素作用的理解将大大受益于临床和基础科学之间的进一步互动。更年期的动物模型可以提供关于雌激素丢失和替代对几个系统的影响的重要信息，包括认知。在本文中，我回顾了非人类灵长类动物的证据，它们与人类具有许多认知和生理特征，可以极大地促进我们对雌激素对大脑和认知的影响的理解。对年轻成年女性的研究表明，认知的某些方面随着月经周期而波动，但卵巢切除术和雌激素替代对认知功能的影响有限。相反，老龄、自然或手术绝经的猴子的数据表明，雌激素调节了广泛的认知领域。神经生物学数据与认知研究结果一致，并证明在卵巢切除术和/或雌激素替代后，大脑区域的一系列形态和生理变化对认知很重要。结论是，非人类灵长类动物通过提供啮齿动物和人类数据之间的桥梁，为进一步了解激素对大脑和认知的作用以及开发有效的激素干预来对抗大脑和认知衰老提供了宝贵的模型。(C) 2005年由Elsevier Ltd代表IBRO出版。
Several studies have suggested that estrogen benefits verbal memory and lowers the risk of Alzheimer's disease in women, and improves cognitive function in animal models. However, the negative outcome of the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study has challenged the rationale for using estrogen as a protective agent against age-related cognitive decline. In view of the limitations of the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study, it is clear that our understanding of estrogen effects would greatly benefit from further interactions between clinical and basic science. Animal models of menopause can provide crucial information regarding the consequences of estrogen loss and replacement on several systems, including cognition.In this paper, I review the evidence that nonhuman primates, who share numerous cognitive and physiological characteristics with humans, can substantially contribute to our understanding of estrogen influences on the brain and cognition. Studies in young adult females suggest that some aspects of cognition fluctuate with the menstrual cycle, but that ovariectomy and estrogen replacement have only modest effects on cognitive function. In contrast, data in aged, naturally or surgically menopausal monkeys indicate that estrogen modulates a broad range of cognitive domains. Neurobiological data are consistent with the cognitive findings and demonstrate an array of morphological and physiological changes in brain areas important for cognition following ovariectomy and/or estrogen replacement. It is concluded that nonhuman primates, by providing a bridge between rodent and human data, constitute invaluable models to further our understanding of hormonal actions on the brain and cognition and to develop effective hormonal interventions against brain and cognitive aging. (C) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO.