Rayleigh and S wave tomography constraints on subduction termination and lithospheric foundering in central California

Rayleigh and S wave tomography constraints on subduction termination and lithospheric foundering in central California
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瑞利和 S 波层析成像对加利福尼亚州中部俯冲终止和岩石圈沉没的限制

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.009
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Lin, Fan-Chi
Lin, Fan-Chi
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jiang, Chengxin;Schmandt, Brandon;Hansen, Steven M.;Dougherty, Sara L.;Clayton, Robert W.;Farrell, Jamie;Lin, Fan-Chi

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自中新世早期以来,由于俯冲终止、圣安德烈亚斯板块边界断层系统的增长和小规模的上地幔对流,加州中部的地壳和上地幔结构发生了变化。在这里,我们调查的贡献,这些过程的伊莎贝拉异常,这是一个高地震速度体积在上地幔的创建。关于其起源有两种假说。一种是它是内华达州山脉南部岩基的基性下地壳和地幔岩石圈。另一种说法认为它是一个与蒙特雷微板块相连的化石板。密集的宽带地震断面部署从海岸到西部的塞拉利昂内华达州,以填补在伊莎贝拉异常以上的采样最少的地区,和区域尺度的瑞利和S波层析成像被用来评估这两个假设。新的剪切速度(Vs)层析成像图像的高速异常下海岸加州,是近水平的深度为1040 -80公里。在圣安德烈亚斯断层以东,高速异常的连续延伸向东倾斜,位于内华达州山脉之下,深度为150-200 km。伊莎贝拉异常在最上部地幔中的西部位置与早期的解释不一致,早期的解释认为伊莎贝拉异常与活跃的下沉山麓下地壳有关。根据新的Vs图像,我们解释说,伊莎贝拉异常是不是密集的不稳定的根的塞拉利昂内华达州,而是一个残余的中新世俯冲终止,是向北平移下中央圣安德烈亚斯断层。我们的研究结果支持本地化的岩石圈下沉的发生在高海拔的东部内华达州,在那里我们发现一个较低的地壳低Vs层与少量的部分熔融一致。相对于地壳厚度的高海拔和下地壳低Vs带与岩石圈沉降驱动隆升和玄武岩浆活动脉冲的地质推断一致。
The crust and upper mantle structure of central California have been modified by subduction termination, growth of the San Andreas plate boundary fault system, and small-scale upper mantle convection since the early Miocene. Here we investigate the contributions of these processes to the creation of the Isabella Anomaly, which is a high seismic velocity volume in the upper mantle. There are two types of hypotheses for its origin. One is that it is the foundered mafic lower crust and mantle lithosphere of the southern Sierra Nevada batholith. The alternative suggests that it is a fossil slab connected to the Monterey microplate. A dense broadband seismic transect was deployed from the coast to the western Sierra Nevada to fill in the least sampled areas above the Isabella Anomaly, and regional-scale Rayleigh and S wave tomography are used to evaluate the two hypotheses. New shear velocity (Vs) tomography images a high-velocity anomaly beneath coastal California that is sub-horizontal at depths of ∼40–80 km. East of the San Andreas Fault a continuous extension of the high-velocity anomaly dips east and is located beneath the Sierra Nevada at ∼150–200 km depth. The western position of the Isabella Anomaly in the uppermost mantle is inconsistent with earlier interpretations that the Isabella Anomaly is connected to actively foundering foothills lower crust. Based on the new Vs images, we interpret that the Isabella Anomaly is not the dense destabilized root of the Sierra Nevada, but rather a remnant of Miocene subduction termination that is translating north beneath the central San Andreas Fault. Our results support the occurrence of localized lithospheric foundering beneath the high elevation eastern Sierra Nevada, where we find a lower crustal low Vs layer consistent with a small amount of partial melt. The high elevations relative to crust thickness and lower crustal low Vs zone are consistent with geological inferences that lithospheric foundering drove uplift and a ∼3–4 Ma pulse of basaltic magmatism.
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