Are conservation strategies effective in avoiding the deforestation of the Colombian Guyana Shield?
Are conservation strategies effective in avoiding the deforestation of the Colombian Guyana Shield?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.002
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Retana, Javier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armenteras, Dolors;Rodriguez, Nelly;Retana, Javier
人们普遍认为，分析领土在不同生物多样性管理数据下的作用的重要性，以支持热带国家在自然资源管理方面做出更好的决策。在这项研究中，我们分析了森林砍伐过程，以解决国家保护区（PA）和土著保留地（IR）等现有战略是否能有效保护哥伦比亚圭亚那地盾中的森林的问题。我们通过比较 1985 年至 2002 年期间这些地区与周边地区发生的森林砍伐情况，分析这些地区是否成功制止了森林砍伐和农业边界扩张。我们还评估了道路、非法作物以及保护区和综合保护区的规模对森林砍伐率的影响。结果表明，两个管理地块外部边界的森林砍伐程度几乎是已宣布的保护区内的四倍，比综合保护区内的森林砍伐程度高出 1.5 倍。然而，在综合保护区内，森林生态系统的损失大约是国家公园内的六倍。总体而言，道路是与该地区变化以及古柯种植影响力扩大（特别是在国家公园之外）相关的一个重要因素。保护区和土著土地的规模也决定了它们作为防止森林砍伐的积极影响。我们的研究结果表明，在非法作物扩张等经济力量的推动下，保护区周边地区面临着巨大压力，特别是在过去十年。自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，面积较小的原住民土地遭受了严重的森林砍伐，但较大地区的变化并不那么剧烈。如今，保护区已成为防止森林砍伐的有效屏障，特别是考虑到其范围广泛，但仍面临高风险。未来的管理计划应考虑设计基础设施开发，并结合建立具有最小可行规模的新土著保留地，以控制可达性、自然资源开采和森林砍伐。 (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
There is general agreement regarding the importance of analysing the territories' roles under different biodiversity management figures in order to support better decision making in the management of natural resources in tropical countries. in this study we analyse the deforestation process to address the question of whether existing strategies such as national protected areas (PAs) and indigenous reservations (IRs) are effective protecting forests in the Colombian Guyana shield. We analyse whether these territories have successfully halted deforestation and agricultural frontier expansion by comparing deforestation occurring within these areas with their surroundings from 1985 to 2002. We also evaluate the impact of roads, illicit crops, and the size of PAs and IRs on deforestation rates. The results indicate that deforestation levels along the outside borders of both management figures were almost four times higher than inside declared PAs and 1.5 times higher than in IRs. However, within IRs, the loss of forested ecosystems was approximately six times greater than inside national parks. As a whole, roads were a significant factor associated with the changes in the region, as well as the influential expansion of coca cultivation particularly outside the national parks. The size of the PAs and indigenous lands also determined their positive impact as barrier against deforestation. Our results suggest strong pressure on areas surrounding PAs, driven by economic forces such as illegal crop expansion, particularly in the last decade. Indigenous lands with small territories have suffered intensive deforestation processes since the 1980s, but changes have been less dramatic in larger areas. Today, PAs are an effective barrier to deforestation, especially given their large extension, but are still under high risk. Future management plans should consider a designed infrastructure development paired with the establishment of new indigenous reservations with minimum viable sizes in order to control accessibility, natural resources extraction, and deforestation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.