Management to mitigate and adapt to climate change
Management to mitigate and adapt to climate change
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DOI：
10.2489/jswc.66.4.276
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Rotz, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lal, R.;Delgado, J. A.;Rotz, A.
现场和场外的管理决定有可能有助于减缓和适应气候变化。气候变化可能会增加土壤侵蚀的可能性，降低土壤质量，降低农业生产力，并对粮食安全和全球可持续发展产生负面影响，使其成为我们在21世纪面临的最严峻挑战之一本文探讨了管理的潜力，以帮助我们不仅缓解气候变化，还帮助我们适应不断变化的气候。碳管理，氮管理，粪肥管理，在低投入系统（可持续农业）的管理和牧场管理的不同方面进行了讨论作为例子。关于保护性做法的管理决策，如免耕、保护性农业和将作物残留物还田以增加养分循环，可以促进碳固存，帮助我们减缓和适应气候变化。此外，草原管理、退化/荒漠化土地的恢复、减少温室气体排放的氮管理、田间和/或流域层面的精确保护管理以及其他管理替代方案也可以帮助我们缓解和/或适应气候变化。减缓和适应气候变化的管理是环境保护、种植系统可持续性、土壤和水质以及粮食安全的关键。本文在文献综述的基础上提出，减少土壤侵蚀、增加碳固存以改善土壤功能、土壤质量和土壤健康的管理决策，为应对气候变化和粮食安全等相关挑战，需要加强土壤和种植系统的复原力。我们的审查表明，如果没有加强水土保持的管理决策，世界不断增长的人口的粮食安全将更难实现。
Management decisions both at the field and off-site have the potential to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Climate change threatens to increase the potential for soil erosion, reduce soil quality, lower agricultural productivity and negatively impact food security and global sustainability, making it one of the most severe challenges we will face in the 21st century This paper looks at the potential of management to help us, not only mitigate climate change, but also to help us adapt to a changing climate. Different aspects of carbon management, nitrogen management, manure management, management in low-input systems (sustainable agriculture), and grazing land management are discussed as examples. Management decisions regarding conservation practices, such as no-till, conservation agriculture, and returning crop residue to the field to increase nutrient cycling, can contribute to carbon sequestration and help us mitigate and adapt to climate change. Additionally, management of grasslands, restoration of degraded/desertified lands, nitrogen management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, precision conservation management at a field and/or watershed level, and other management alternatives can also help us mitigate and/or adapt to climate change. Management for climate change mitigation and adaptation is key for environmental conservation, sustainability of cropping systems, soil and water quality and food security This paper suggests, based on a review of the literature, that management decisions that reduce soil erosion, increase carbon sequestration to improve soil functions, soil quality, and soil health, and contribute to the resilience of soils and cropping systems will be needed to respond to climate change and related challenges such as food security. Our review suggests that without management decisions that increase soil and water conservation, food security for the world's growing population will be harder to achieve.