Secondary Cracking and Upgrading of Shale Oil from Pyrolyzing Oil Shale over Shale Ash
Secondary Cracking and Upgrading of Shale Oil from Pyrolyzing Oil Shale over Shale Ash
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DOI：
10.1021/ef502821c
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Xu, Guangwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lai, Dengguo;Chen, Zhaohui;Xu, Guangwen
以油页岩固体热载体热解为研究对象，在实验室双级固定床反应器上考察了页岩灰作为热解挥发分二次反应床料对油页岩热解产物分布和质量的影响。检查的因素包括热解挥发物在页岩灰床中的停留时间和页岩灰的温度（即，裂化温度）。延长热解挥发分在页岩灰床层中的停留时间（0 ~ 10 s），页岩油产率下降31.0%，但裂解汽油和柴油（沸点773 K）的比例增加，轻质油和热解气（尤其是H2和CH 4）产率增加。页岩灰床层温度是影响产物分布的关键因素。页岩灰的催化作用降低了页岩油的裂解温度，达到相同的石油裂解程度。页岩灰对页岩油裂解的催化活性与页岩灰中的金属氧化物密切相关。CaO和Na_2 O具有抑制积炭和促进催化重整的作用，而Fe_2 O_3则表现出较好的页岩油裂解和积炭活性。
Considering oil shale pyrolysis with a solid heat carrier, this article investigated the effect of shale ash, as the bed material for secondary reactions of pyrolysis volatile, on final product distribution and quality of oil shale pyrolysis in a laboratory dual-stage fixed bed reactor. The examined factors included the residence time of pyrolysis volatile in a shale ash bed and the temperature of shale ash (i.e., cracking temperature). Prolonging the pyrolysis volatile residence time in the shale ash bed from 0 to 10 s decreased the shale oil yield by 31.0% but increased the fraction of gasoline and diesel (boiling point 773 K) was cracked to increase the yields of light oil and pyrolysis gas (especially H-2 and CH4). The shale ash bed temperature was the key factor affecting the product distribution. The catalytic effect of shale ash lowered the shale oil cracking temperature for achieving the same degree of oil cracking. The catalytic activity of shale ash for cracking shale oil was shown to be closely dependent on the metal oxides in the ash. While CaO and Na2O tended to inhibit the formation of coke and to promote catalytic reforming, Fe2O3 showed good activity in cracking shale oil and forming coke.