Integrated pest management in an urban community: A successful partnership for prevention
Integrated pest management in an urban community: A successful partnership for prevention
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6069
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Berkowitz, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brenner, BL;Markowitz, S;Berkowitz, G
在城市社区大量使用杀虫剂来控制蟑螂，对健康构成潜在威胁，尤其是对儿童，因为儿童接触杀虫剂的比例相对较高，并且具有独特的、发育决定的脆弱性。害虫综合治理 (IPM) 依赖于非化学工具——清洁食物残渣、去除潜在营养物质以及密封裂缝和缝隙。尽量少用毒性最小的农药。为了评估 IPM 的有效性，西奈山儿童环境健康和疾病预防研究中心与纽约市东哈莱姆区（美国纽约州）的两个社区卫生中心合作，进行了一项前瞻性干预试验。当母亲来到产前护理中心进行产前护理时，家庭 (n = 131) 就参与了登记。在基线和 6 个月后，通过胶水捕捉器测量家庭蟑螂感染情况。干预组接受了个性化的 IPM 教育、维修、毒性最小的害虫防治应用和用品，并在 2 个月内每两周进行一次害虫监测，在 4 个月内每月进行一次害虫监测。对照组居住在东哈莱姆区，在人口和社会经济方面与干预组相似，接受了伤害预防干预。干预6个月后，有蟑螂的家庭比例明显下降（从80.5%降至39.0%）。对照组水平基本没有变化（从 78.1% 到 81.3%）。单独定制的 IPM 的成本（包括维修）等于或低于传统的基于化学的害虫防治。这些研究结果表明，个性化定制的 IPM 在城市社区中可以取得成功且具有成本效益。
Pesticides, applied in large quantities in urban communities to control cockroaches, pose potential threats to health, especially to children, who have proportionately greater exposures and unique, developmentally determined vulnerabilities. Integrated pest management (IPM) relies on non-chemical tools-cleaning of food residues, removal of potential nutrients, and sealing cracks and crevices. Least toxic pesticides are used sparingly. To evaluate IPM's effectiveness, the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, in partnership with two community health centers in East Harlem, New York City (NY, USA), undertook a prospective intervention trial. Families (n = 131) enrolled when mothers came to the centers for prenatal care. Household cockroach infestation was measured by glue traps at baseline and 6 months afterward. The intervention group received individually tailored IPM education, repairs, least-toxic pest control application, and supplies, with biweekly pest monitoring for 2 months and monthly for 4 months. The control group, residing in East Harlem and demographically and socioeconomically similar to the intervention group, received an injury prevention intervention. The proportion of intervention households with cockroaches declined significantly after 6 months (from 80.5 to 39.0%). Control group levels were essentially unchanged (from 78.1 to 81.3%). The cost, including repairs, of individually tailored IPM was equal to or lower than traditional chemically based pest control. These findings demonstrate that individually tailored IPM can be successful and cost-effective in an urban community.