Accurate recovery of articulator positions from acoustics: new conclusions based on human data.
Accurate recovery of articulator positions from acoustics: new conclusions based on human data.
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DOI：
10.1121/1.416001
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发表时间：
1996-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Hogden;A. Löfqvist;V. Gracco;I. Zlokarnik;P. Rubin;E. Saltzman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Hogden;A. Löfqvist;V. Gracco;I. Zlokarnik;P. Rubin;E. Saltzman
声道模型常被用来研究声学传递函数到声道面积函数的映射问题(逆映射)。不幸的是，基于声道模型的结果受到模型基础假设的强烈影响。在这项研究中，从声学(数字化语音样本)到发音(舌头、下巴和嘴唇上接收器线圈位置的测量)的映射是使用来自单个说话者的人类数据进行的：元音到元音的转换、/g/闭合以及/g/闭合和/g/闭合的同时进行的声学和发音测量。使用Emma系统跟踪放置在嘴唇、下巴和舌头上的线圈来测量咬合架的位置。使用这些数据，创建了查询表，允许根据声音信号估计咬合架的位置。在不用于制作查找表的数据集上，舌头上的线圈的估计位置和实际位置之间的相关性约为94%，均方根误差约为2 mm是常见的。误差源评估表明，从量化的声学估计咬合架位置给出的均方根误差通常小于从量化咬合架位置本身获得的误差小于1 mm。这项研究与之前对人类数据的研究一致，并扩展了之前的研究，表明对于所研究的数据，语音声学可以用来准确地恢复发音器的位置。
Vocal tract models are often used to study the problem of mapping from the acoustic transfer function to the vocal tract area function (inverse mapping). Unfortunately, results based on vocal tract models are strongly affected by the assumptions underlying the models. In this study, the mapping from acoustics (digitized speech samples) to articulation (measurements of the positions of receiver coils placed on the tongue, jaw, and lips) is examined using human data from a single speaker: Simultaneous acoustic and articulator measurements made for vowel-to-vowel transitions, /g/ closures, and transitions into and out of /g/ closures. Articulator positions were measured using an EMMA system to track coils placed on the lips, jaw, and tongue. Using these data, look-up tables were created that allow articulator positions to be estimated from acoustic signals. On a data set not used for making look-up tables, correlations between estimated and actual coil positions of around 94% and root-mean-squared errors around 2 mm are common for coils on the tongue. An error source evaluation shows that estimating articulator positions from quantized acoustics gives root-mean-squared errors that are typically less than 1 mm greater than the errors that would be obtained from quantizing the articulator positions themselves. This study agrees with and extends previous studies of human data by showing that for the data studied, speech acoustics can be used to accurately recover articulator positions.