Human-Associated Fecal Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Measurements and Simulated Risk of Gastrointestinal Illness in Recreational Waters Contaminated with Raw Sewage
Human-Associated Fecal Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Measurements and Simulated Risk of Gastrointestinal Illness in Recreational Waters Contaminated with Raw Sewage
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00219
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
10.9
通讯作者：
Shanks, Orin C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boehm, Alexandria B.;Soller, Jeffrey A.;Shanks, Orin C.
我们使用定量微生物风险评估来模拟在含有不同浓度的原始污水、HF183和HumM2人类相关粪便标志物的水中游泳与胃肠道疾病相关的风险。原污水与环境水的体积/体积比是通过比较娱乐水中的标记浓度与美国54个地理位置的原污水浓度来确定的。原始污水中参考胃肠道病原体的浓度、游泳者摄入的体积、剂量-反应函数和感染的患病比例采用了以前的研究。模拟GI风险随休闲水域人类定量聚合酶链反应标志物浓度的增加而增加。基准疾病发生率为每1000名游泳者30例胃肠道疾病，发生在每100毫升休闲水中位数浓度为4200份HF183和2800份HumM2的情况下。本研究建立了一种基于风险的方法来解释环境水中人类粪便标志物的浓度。
We used quantitative microbial risk assessment to simulate the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) illness associated with swimming in waters containing different concentrations of human-associated fecal markers from raw sewage, HF183 and HumM2. The volume/volume ratio of raw sewage to ambient water was determined by comparing marker concentrations in recreational water to concentrations in raw sewage from 54 geographic locations across the United States. Concentrations of reference GI pathogens in raw sewage, volumes ingested by swimmers, dose-response functions, and fractions of infected that become ill were adopted from previous studies. Simulated GI risk increased with concentration of the human quantitative polymerase chain reaction markers in recreational waters. A benchmark illness rate of 30 GI illnesses per 1000 swimmers occurred at median concentrations of 4200 copies of HF183 and 2800 copies of HumM2 per 100 mL of recreational water. This study establishes a risk-based approach for interpreting concentrations of human fecal markers in ambient waters.