ONTOGENIC AND SEASONAL-CHANGES IN LIPID AND FATTY-ACID ALCOHOL COMPOSITIONS OF THE DOMINANT ANTARCTIC COPEPODS CALANUS-PROPINQUUS, CALANOIDES-ACUTUS AND RHINCALANUS-GIGAS
ONTOGENIC AND SEASONAL-CHANGES IN LIPID AND FATTY-ACID ALCOHOL COMPOSITIONS OF THE DOMINANT ANTARCTIC COPEPODS CALANUS-PROPINQUUS, CALANOIDES-ACUTUS AND RHINCALANUS-GIGAS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00347511
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发表时间：
1994-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
HAGEN, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KATTNER, G;GRAEVE, M;HAGEN, W
对南极威德尔海优势桡足类尖哲水蚤、长吻哲水蚤和近端哲水蚤的脂类组成进行了详细的研究。 桡足类在1985年夏季和1986年春末/初冬收集。 分析显示，这些物种的脂质生物化学的具体适应，导致非常不同的脂质成分。 C. Acutus等合成了长链单不饱和蜡酯，特别是以20：1（n-9）和22：1（n-11）为主的醇类。 R. Gigas也产生蜡酯，但具有较短链长的部分。 脂肪醇主要由14：0和16：0组成，脂肪酸主要为20：5、18：4和22：6，其中18：4可能来源于膳食输入。 与此相反，C. propinquus积累三酰甘油，这是一种在极地哲水蚤桡足类中非常不寻常的储库脂质。 C.主要脂肪酸propinquus是长链单不饱和化合物22：1（n-9）和22：1（n-11），其可包含高达50%的总脂肪酸。 in C. acutus和C.随着发育阶段的增加，长链脂肪酸含量明显增加。 与此相反，R.巨型桡足幼体阶段的特征在于多不饱和脂肪酸占优势以及大量的单不饱和脂肪酸18：1（n-9）和16：1（n-7）。 有一个相当大的下降，膳食脂肪酸18：4（n-3）对老年阶段在夏季，在冬末/早春18：4只检测到非常低的金额。 这种倾向也被发现在其他两个物种，但不太明显。 在所有三个物种的干重和脂质含量呈指数增长，从年轻到老年阶段。 蜡酯或三酰甘油在C. propinquus，在成年人中发现。 干重和脂肪含量在夏季普遍较高。 在冬末/早春的变化是更明显的和富含脂质的标本显示出选择性保留的长链单不饱和脂肪酸，而在脂质贫乏的标本，这些脂肪酸是非常耗尽。
Lipid compositions of the dominant Antarctic copepods Calanoides acutus, Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus propinquus from the Weddell Sea have been investigated in great detail. Copepods were collected during summer in 1985 and late spring/early winter in 1986. The analyses revealed specific adaptations in the lipid biochemistry of these species which result in very different lipid components. The various copepodite stages of C. acutus synthesize wax esters with long-chain monounsaturated moieties and especially the alcohols consisted mainly of 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11). R. gigas also generates wax esters, but with moieties of shorter chain length. The fatty alcohols consisted mainly of 14:0 and 16:0 components, while the major fatty acids were 20:5, 18:4 and 22:6, of which 18:4 probably originated from dietary input. In contrast, C. propinquus accumulates triacylglycerols, a very unusual depot lipid in polar calanoid copepods. Major fatty acids in C. propinquus were the long-chain monounsaturates 22:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11), which may comprise up to 50% of total fatty acids. In C. acutus and C. propinquus there was a clear increase of long-chain fatty acids with increasing developmental stage. In contrast, the fatty acid and alcohol composition of the R. gigas copepodite stages were characterized by the dominance of the polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as high amounts of the monounsaturates 18:1(n-9) and 16:1(n-7). There was a considerable decrease of the dietary fatty acid 18:4(n-3) towards the older stages during summer; in late winter/early spring 18:4 was only detected in very low amounts. This tendency was also found in the other two species, but was less pronounced. In all three species dry weight and lipid content increased exponentially from younger to older stages. The highest portion of wax esters, or of triacylglycerols in C. propinquus, was found in the adults. Dry weight and lipid content were generally higher during summer. In late winter/early spring the variability was more pronounced and lipid-rich specimens showed a selective retention of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids, whereas in lipid-poor specimens these fatty acids were very much depleted.