Effects of stimulant medication on neuropsychological functioning in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Effects of stimulant medication on neuropsychological functioning in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.v69n0715
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Faraone, Stephen V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biederman, Joseph;Seidman, Larry J.;Faraone, Stephen V.
目的：本研究的主要目的是评估兴奋剂药物对一组青少年和年轻人注意力缺陷/多动障碍患者执行功能缺陷的影响方法：年龄在15 - 25岁的男性和女性受试者被分为3组：在测试时服用兴奋剂的ADHD受试者，（ADHD主动刺激治疗：N = 26），在过去一个月内未服用刺激药物的ADHD受试者（ADHD无刺激治疗：N = 94）和非ADHD对照受试者（对照：N = 133）。神经心理学成套测验评估了已知与ADHD相关的认知功能领域，包括执行功能和学习记忆测试。结果：ADHD非兴奋剂治疗组在总总分、工作记忆、干扰控制、加工速度、持续注意力和言语学习领域的总分均显著低于对照组（均P <0.001）。与对照组相比，ADHD主动兴奋剂治疗组在总聚合物（p = 0.002），干扰控制（p <0.001）和处理速度（p = 0.003）领域的得分明显较差。ADHD积极刺激治疗的受试者在持续注意力领域的得分显着更高（p = 0.04）和口头学习（p = 0.03）与ADHD无兴奋剂治疗受试者相比。我们的研究表明，与未服用兴奋剂药物的ADHD受试者相比，服用兴奋剂药物的ADHD受试者具有更高的注意力神经心理学指标，但在执行功能的其他测量中没有发现差异。
Objective: The main goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of stimulant medication on executive function deficits in a group of adolescents and young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; DSM-III-R criteria).Method: Male and female subjects aged 15 to 25 years were divided into 3 groups: subjects with ADHD treated with stimulants who took their medication at the time of testing (ADHD active stimulant treatment: N = 26), subjects with ADHD who had not taken stimulant medication in the past month (ADHD no stimulant treatment: N = 94), and non-ADHD control subjects (controls: N = 133). The neuropsychological battery assessed domains of cognitive functioning known to be relevant in ADHD, including tests of executive functions and learning and memory. Data were collected from July 1998 to April 2003.Results: The ADHD no stimulant treatment group had significantly lower aggregate scores compared with the controls for the total aggregate, working memory, interference control, processing speed, sustained attention, and verbal learning domains (all p < .001). The ADHD active stimulant treatment group had significantly poorer scores on the total aggregate (p = .002), interference control (p < .001), and processing speed (p = .003) domains compared with the controls. The ADHD active stimulant treatment subjects scored significantly higher on the domains of sustained attention (p = .04) and verbal learning (p = .03) compared with the ADHD no stimulant treatment subjects.Conclusions: Our study showed that subjects with ADHD who took stimulant medication had higher neuropsychological measures of attention compared with subjects with ADHD who did not take stimulant medication, but differences were not found for other measures of executive function.