Sleepiness and ethanol effects on simulated driving.
Sleepiness and ethanol effects on simulated driving.
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困倦和乙醇对模拟驾驶的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00896.x
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roth,T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roehrs,T;Beare,D;Zorick,F;Roth,T
在拉丁方设计的四种实验条件下评估了12名健康年轻男性：8小时卧床时间（TIB）和安慰剂，4小时TIB和安慰剂，8小时TIB和乙醇，以及4小时TIB和乙醇。在消耗乙醇后（0.6 g/kg）或安慰剂（0900-0930小时），在1030和1100小时补充20%，测试受试者的嗜睡（1000、1200、1400和1600小时的多次睡眠潜伏期测试）和第1天的分散注意力（1030小时）表现，以及第2天的模拟驾驶和分散注意力（1000-1200和1400-1600小时）表现。在早晨测试中，与安慰剂相比，乙醇和4小时TIB的呼气乙醇浓度（BEC）平均值为0.049%，嗜睡增加，分散注意力反应时间增加（两天），模拟驾驶性能受到干扰。同样，在下午，BEC平均值为0.013%，乙醇和4小时TIB条件增加了嗜睡，扰乱了分散注意力和模拟驾驶性能。结果表明，困倦和低剂量乙醇联合收割机会损害模拟汽车驾驶，这种损害会超过BEC达到零的点。他们提供了一个可能的解释，在低BEC的酒精相关的汽车事故的发生率。
Twelve healthy young men were assessed in each of four experimental conditions presented in a Latin Square design: 8‐hr time in bed (TIB) and placebo, 4‐hr TIB and placebo, 8‐hr TIB and ethanol, and 4‐hr TIB and ethanol. After consuming ethanol (0.6 g/kg) or placebo (0900–0930 hr) with 20% supplements at 1030 and 1100 hr, subjects were tested for sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Test at 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 hr) and divided attention (1030 hr) performance on day 1, and for simulated driving and divided attention (1000–1200 and 1400–1600 hr) performance on day 2. In the morning testing, with breath ethanol concentrations (BECs) averaging 0.049%, sleepiness was increased, divided attention reaction times increased (on both days), and simulated driving performance was disturbed in the ethanol and 4‐hr TIB relative to placebo. Similarly in the afternoon, with BECs averaging 0.013%, the ethanol and 4‐hr TIB condition increased sleepiness and disrupted divided attention and simulated driving performance. The results show that sleepiness and low‐dose ethanol combine to impair simulated automobile driving, an impairment that extends beyond the point at which BEC reaches zero. They provide a possible explanation for the incidence of alcohol‐related automobile accidents at low BECs.