Chemical Characterization of Rain and Fog Water in the Cervenohorske Sedlo (Hruby Jesenik Mountains, Czech Republic)
Chemical Characterization of Rain and Fog Water in the Cervenohorske Sedlo (Hruby Jesenik Mountains, Czech Republic)
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DOI：
10.1007/s11270-007-9467-0
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发表时间：
2007-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Zapletal;D. Kuňák;P. Chroust
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Zapletal;D. Kuňák;P. Chroust
在Cervenohorske sedlo（海拔1，013米）进行实地研究（Hruby耶塞尼克山脉，捷克共和国，中欧）在1999年至2002年期间进行的，以分析化学的雨/雪水使用散装和穿透收集器和雾/云水使用改进的被动格鲁诺收集器。采用林冠平衡法对雾水输入到针叶林的量进行了定量研究。对于所有样品，测量pH值和Ca2+、K+、Mg2+、Na+、Cl −、和的浓度。体积加权平均pH值变化范围从4.92至5.43在开放的散装降水，从4.30至4.71在穿透水和从4.66至5.23在雾水。雾滴通常含有比雨水更高的离子浓度。相关物种的相关富集因子介于1.1和10.7之间。在2000 - 2002年期间，与大量样品相比，雾样品中的浓度较高，在雾水中的浓度是5.7 - 10.7倍，在雾水中的浓度是3.4 - 7.2倍。这些差异可能是由液滴的高度和形成特性引起的。基于冠层平衡法，估算了1999年和2000年雾水输入量分别占年降水量和年降雪量的22%和19%。对于、和，雾沉降在总沉降（体积+雾）中的贡献估计分别为54%、47%和42%。
Field study at the Cervenohorske sedlo (1,013 m a.s.l.) (Hruby Jesenik Mountains, the Czech Republic, Central Europe) during 1999–2002 has been conducted in order to analyse the chemistry of rain/snow water using bulk and throughfall collector and fog/cloud water using modified passive Grunow collector. Fog water input to coniferous forest (Picea abies) was quantified using canopy balance method. For all samples pH, and the concentrations of, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−,, andwere measured. The volume-weighted mean pH value varied from 4.92 to 5.43 in open bulk precipitation, from 4.30 to 4.71 in throughfall and from 4.66 to 5.23 in fog water. The fog droplets generally contain higher ion concentrations than rainwater. The related enrichment factors lie between 1.1 and 10.7 for the relevant species. The fog samples exhibit higher concentrations ofandas compared to the bulk samples during 2000–2002.are 5.7–10.7 times more concentrated in fog water andare 3.4–7.2 times more concentrated in fog water. These differences may result from the height and characteristics of formation of the droplets. Based on canopy balance method, the annual fog water inputs were estimated to be 22 and 19% of rain and snow annual amounts in 1999 and 2000, respectively. For,, and, the contribution of fog deposition in total (bulk + fog) deposition is estimated as 54, 47, and 42%, respectively.