Chitin-mediated changes in bacterial communities of the soil, rhizosphere and within roots of cotton in relation to nematode control
Chitin-mediated changes in bacterial communities of the soil, rhizosphere and within roots of cotton in relation to nematode control
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DOI：
10.1016/s0038-0717(98)00146-1
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Kloepper, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hallmann, J;Rodríguez-Kábana, R;Kloepper, JW
线虫控制相关的微生物群落的变化进行了研究，通过比较人口数量的真菌和细菌在土壤和内部根组织（内根）在非修正和几丁质修正土壤。此外，甲壳素土壤中以1%（w/w）消除植物寄生线虫在第一种植棉花品种。“Rowden”和显着减少南方根结线虫侵染在第二次种植，确认长期线虫抑制诱导这种有机修正案。几丁质修正案与真菌和细菌种群的增加，特别是那些与几丁质分解活性。通过对35种土壤和根际细菌以及25种内生细菌的脂肪酸分析鉴定，研究了可回收细菌的分类多样性，对土壤、根际和根内的细菌群落进行了评估。所有主要的细菌物种，形成至少2%的总人口在非修正的土壤和根际也发生甲壳素修正。相比之下，甲壳素修正的土壤和根际产生了几个物种，没有发现甲壳素修正，包括Aureobacterium testaceum，Corynebacterium aquaticum和Rathayibacter trillium。洋葱伯克霍尔德菌从改良和非改良土壤和根际中恢复，但在第一次棉花种植结束时，甲壳素改良剂最丰富。土壤可能是棉花根系内生细菌的主要来源，因为几乎所有的内生细菌也存在于土壤或根际。然而，在土壤和根际的两个优势属，芽孢杆菌和节杆菌，没有检测到内生菌。甲壳素改良剂表现出进一步的具体影响的内生细菌群落;叶杆菌rubiacearum不是一个常见的内生菌甲壳素修正案后，即使甲壳素修正案刺激其种群在非种植土壤。洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌，发现在两个治疗的土壤中的相似的数字，是占主导地位的内生菌生长在甲壳素修正土壤中的植物，但很少殖民在非修正土壤中生长的棉花根。这些结果表明，有机改良剂的应用可以导致土壤，根际和根内的细菌群落的修改。(C)1999爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
Changes in microbial communities associated with nematode control were studied by comparing population numbers of fungi and bacteria in the soil and in internal root tissues (endorhiza) in non-amended and chitin-amended soils. Addition of chitin to soil at 1% (w/w) eliminated plant-parasitic nematodes in a first planting of cotton cv. 'Rowden' and significantly reduced Meloidogyne incognita infestation in a second planting, confirming long-term nematode suppressiveness induced by this organic amendment. The chitin amendment was associated with an increase in fungal and bacterial populations, especially those with chitinolytic activity. The bacterial communities of soil, rhizosphere and endorhiza were assessed by examining the taxonomic diversity of recoverable bacteria based on identification with fatty acid analysis of sample sizes of 35 soil and rhizosphere bacteria and 25 endophytic bacteria. All major bacterial species which formed at least 2% of the total population in non-amended soils and rhizospheres also occurred with chitin amendment. In contrast, chitin-amended soils and rhizospheres yielded several species which were not found without chitin amendment, including Aureobacterium testaceum, Corynebacterium aquaticum and Rathayibacter tritici. Burkholderia cepacia was recovered from both amended and non-amended soils and rhizospheres, but it was most abundant with chitin amendment at the end of the first cotton planting. Soil was probably the major source for bacterial endophytes of cotton roots, since nearly all endophytic bacteria were also found in the soil or rhizosphere. However, two dominant genera in the soil and rhizosphere, Bacillus and Arthrobacter, were not detected as endophytes. Chitin amendment exhibited a further specific influence on the endophytic bacterial community; Phyllobacterium rubiacearum was not a common endophyte following chitin amendment, even though chitin amendment stimulated its populations in non-planted soil. Burkholderia cepacia, found in similar numbers in the soil of both treatments, was the dominant endophyte in plants grown in chitin-amended soil but rarely colonized cotton roots grown in non-amended soil. These results indicate that application of an organic amendment can lead to modifications of the bacterial communities of the soil, rhizosphere and endorhiza. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.