The Book Triumphant - Print in Transition in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
The Book Triumphant - Print in Transition in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
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《书的胜利》——十六、十七世纪印刷术的转型
DOI：
10.1163/9789004221604_013
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McLean M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLean M
伊拉斯谟是 1520 年代巴塞尔市的居民，这样描述巴塞尔学术界的第一个全盛期：“他们都懂拉丁语，都懂希腊语，大多数人还懂希伯来语；一个是历史专家，另一个是经验丰富的神学家；一个精通数学，一个热衷于古董，另一个是法学家……我以前从未有幸生活在如此有天赋的同伴中。更不用说，他们是多么开放，他们是多么优秀。在一起吧！你会说他们只有一个灵魂”。 2 这种对他在巴塞尔市的圈子以及更广泛的共和主义的学术多样性和和谐合作的描述是有效和持久的。在瑞士联邦内外，这座莱茵河畔的城市被视为自由主义政府和宽容的知识氛围的灯塔和震中，也是一个学者网络，他们仍然寻求跨越西欧政治和宗教地形的构造性重塑所产生的裂痕和障碍，进行交流和合作。巴塞尔似乎体现了沃纳·凯吉所说的“忏悔时代人文主义理想的连续性”。 3 这种连续性不足为奇：瑞士人文主义世界通过既定的友谊、师生关系和合作联系在一起，通过大量的书信交流得以维持，并通过学者和学生在城市和机构之间的流动而焕发活力。在巴塞尔和苏黎世这两个学术中心之间，这些连接的力量尤其重要。
A resident in the city of Basel in the 1520s, Erasmus described the first florescence of its scholarly world so:“They all know Latin, they all know Greek, most of them know Hebrew too; one is an expert historian, another an experienced theologian; one is skilled in mathematics, one a keen antiquary, another a jurist… I have certainly never before had the fortune to live in such gifted company. And to say nothing of that, how open-hearted they are, how well they get on together! You would say that they only had one soul”. 2 This depiction of the scholarly diversity and harmonious collaboration of his circle in the city of Basel and, by extension, of the wider respublica litterarum, has been potent and enduring. Within and beyond the Swiss Confederation, the City on the Rhine was perceived as both the beacon and the epicentre, of latitudinarian government and a tolerant intellectual climate, and of a web of scholars who sought still to communicate and cooperate across the breaches and barriers thrown up by the tectonic remaking of the political and religious topography of western Europe. Basel embodied, it seemed, what Werner Kaegi has termed the “continuity of humanist ideals in the age of confessionalisation”. 3 Such continuities should not be surprising: the world of Swiss humanism was bound together by established friendships, studentteacher relationships, collaborations, maintained through a prolific exchange of correspondence and refreshed by the movement of scholars and students between cities and institutions. Between the scholarly hubs of Basel and Zurich these connective sinews were especially