Natural and anthropogenic variation in coarse wood among and within lakes
Natural and anthropogenic variation in coarse wood among and within lakes
复制标题
湖泊之间和湖泊内粗木的自然和人为变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Kratz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Marburg;M. Turner;T. Kratz
1住宅开发往往集中在水生生态系统附近，因此，了解河岸-沿岸带的相互作用对于评估其生态影响至关重要。2将河岸森林的木材引入沿岸的地带，成为水生生物的生境，这是一个重要的过程，但人们对此知之甚少。我们的沿岸的粗木材的密度之间和45个湖泊在维拉斯县，威斯康星州，美国，森林结构，非生物驱动程序和土地利用。3在所有湖泊和低开发湖泊的子集中，沿岸的粗木密度的最佳预测因子是河岸粗木密度。在湖内（站点）水平，两种替代模型解释了粗木丰度的变化：作为风暴露和河岸粗木数量的函数，或作为风暴露和土地利用强度的函数。4在湖泊之间和湖泊内部，人类改造较多的地区沿岸的粗木密度较低。相反，人类活动影响较小的地区变化很大;一些地点和湖泊有丰富的木材，而另一些则几乎没有。5与以前的研究相反，活树和粗木密度之间没有关系，这表明河岸和沿岸的粗木密度可能受到过去人为和自然干扰的强烈影响。6这项研究强调了跨界补贴在理解发展对生态系统的影响方面的重要性。在陆地生态系统和水生生态系统之间的边界集中进行住宅开发，似乎减少了粗木从森林流向湖泊。这种资源的丧失可能会对湖泊生物群和水生食物网产生负面影响。
1 Residential development is often concentrated near aquatic ecosystems and understanding riparian–littoral zone interactions is therefore critical for assessing its ecological effects. 2 Introduction of wood from riparian forests into the littoral zone, where it becomes habitat for aquatic organisms, is an important, but poorly understood, process. We related the density of littoral coarse wood both among and within 45 lakes in Vilas County, Wisconsin, USA, to forest structure, abiotic drivers and land use. 3 Among all lakes and among a subset of low‐development lakes, the best predictor of the density of littoral coarse wood was the density of riparian coarse wood. At the within‐lake (site) level, two alternative models explain variability in coarse wood abundance: as a function of exposure to wind and amount of riparian coarse wood or as a function of exposure to wind and land‐use intensity. 4 Both among and within lakes, areas more modified by humans had a lower density of littoral coarse wood. Conversely, areas with little (current) human impact were tremendously variable; some sites and lakes had abundant wood and others had virtually none. 5 Contrary to previous studies, there was no relationship between living trees and coarse wood density, suggesting that riparian and littoral coarse wood densities may be strongly influenced by past disturbance, both human and natural. 6 This study highlights the importance of cross boundary subsidies in understanding the impact of development on ecosystems. The concentration of residential development at the boundary between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems appears to reduce the flow of coarse wood from forests to lakes. Loss of this resource may have negative consequences for lake biota and the aquatic food web.