Mechanisms of lysosomal exocytosis by immune cells.
Mechanisms of lysosomal exocytosis by immune cells.
复制标题
免疫细胞溶酶体胞吐作用的机制。
DOI：
10.1007/978-4-431-56068-5_29
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Song J and Hanayama R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishidome T;Yoshida T;Hanayama R.;Song J and Hanayama R
溶酶体胞吐作用是调节各种免疫反应的重要过程。免疫系统的许多细胞都有细胞特异性的分泌性溶酶体，它们是在外界刺激下分泌的，包括中性粒细胞天青颗粒、血小板致密颗粒、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞组胺颗粒以及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)裂解颗粒。另一方面，巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和树突状细胞等吞噬细胞含有许多常规的溶酶体，它们与吞噬小体融合，降解吞噬的颗粒，然后通过溶酶体的胞吐作用将废物排出体外。这一过程的失败可能会导致废物的积累，进而可能异常地激活吞噬细胞。最近的研究已经确定了各种调节溶酶体胞吐的蛋白质，它们的功能障碍被证明是导致几种遗传免疫疾病的原因。本章重点介绍了免疫细胞溶酶体胞吐作用的分子机制及其与慢性炎症发生发展的关系。
Lysosomal exocytosis is an essential process to regulate various immune responses. Many cells of immune systems have cell-specific secretory lysosomes, which are secreted in response to external stimuli, including neutrophil azurophil granules, platelet dense granules, eosinophil granules, basophil and mast cell histamine granules, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lytic granules. On the other hand, phagocytes such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells contain many conventional lysosomes, which fuse with phagosomes to degrade the engulfed particles, and then the waste materials are expelled by lysosomal exocytosis. A failure of this process can lead to accumulation of waste materials, which in turn may aberrantly activate the phagocytes. Recent studies have identified various proteins that regulate the lysosomal exocytosis, and their dysfunctions were shown to cause several genetic immune disorders. This chapter highlights the current understandings of the molecular mechanisms of lysosomal exocytosis by immune cells and their relevance to the development of chronic inflammation.