Follow-up of Pentagon employees two years after the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001
Follow-up of Pentagon employees two years after the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.56.11.1374
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ursano, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grieger, TA;Waldrep, DA;Ursano, RJ
目的：本研究调查了2001年9月11日恐怖袭击两年后五角大楼工作人员的样本中可能的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和可能的抑郁症，心理困扰程度和心理健康治疗率。方法：匿名调查管理的工作人员在一个五角大楼的工作中心。受访者被问及遭受袭击的情况;受伤情况;接触尸体或死者家属的情况;心理困扰;以及使用心理健康服务的情况。可能的PTSD和抑郁症与PCL-17和PHQ-9进行了评估。结果：共收到267份答复。样本中有14%的人可能患有PTSD，7%的人可能患有抑郁症。袭击当天在五角大楼的工作人员更有可能患有PTSD和抑郁症。通过看电视暴露与可能的PTSD，可能的抑郁症或痛苦的频率较高无关。在袭击中受伤与可能的PTSD，可能的抑郁症和痛苦的频率较高相关。接触过尸体或为死者家属提供咨询的受访者更有可能患有创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症，并报告慢性痛苦。在那些可能患有创伤后应激障碍的人中，70%的人在接下来的两年内至少进行了一次心理健康检查。在可能患有抑郁症的人中，74%的人报告至少有一次心理健康检查。结论：直接暴露于9月11日对五角大楼的恐怖袭击中，在袭击中受伤，暴露于尸体或在袭击中遇难者家属的外行顾问都与袭击后两年内可能的精神疾病和更高水平的心理困扰的频率有关。在可能患有精神疾病的幸存者中，超过三分之二的人在袭击后接受了心理健康治疗。
Objective: This study examined probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and probable depression, degree of psychological distress, and rates of mental health treatment in a sample of Pentagon staff two years after the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. Methods: Anonymous surveys were administered to staff at one Pentagon work center. Respondents were asked about exposure to the attack; injuries; exposure to dead bodies or families of the deceased; psychological distress; and use of mental health services. Probable PTSD and depression were assessed with the PCL-17 and the PHQ-9. Results: A total of 267 responses were received. Fourteen percent of the sample had probable PTSD, and 7 percent had probable depression. Staff who were at the Pentagon on the day of the attack were more likely to have probable PTSD and probable depression. Exposure through watching television was not associated with a higher frequency of probable PTSD, probable depression, or distress. Injury during the attack was associated with a higher frequency of probable PTSD, probable depression, and distress. Respondents who were exposed to dead bodies or who acted as lay counselors to families of the deceased were more likely to have probable PTSD and depression and to report chronic distress. Of those with probable PTSD, 70 percent made at least one mental health visit during the next two years. Of those with probable depression, 74 percent reported at least one mental health visit. Conclusions: Direct exposure to the September 11 terrorist attack on the Pentagon, injury during the attack, and exposure to dead bodies or acting as a lay counselor to families of persons who were killed during the attack were all associated with higher frequencies of probable psychiatric illness and higher levels of psychological distress two years after the attack. Among survivors who had probable psychiatric illness, more than two-thirds received mental health treatment after the attack.