The 5% difference: early sensory processing predicts sarcasm perception in schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorder.
The 5% difference: early sensory processing predicts sarcasm perception in schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorder.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291713000834
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Javitt, D. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kantrowitz, J. T.;Hoptman, M. J.;Leitman, D. I.;Silipo, G.;Javitt, D. C.
完整的讽刺感知是社会认知和心理化（理解自己和他人心理状态的能力）的重要组成部分。在讽刺中，语气是用来否定话语的字面意思。特别是，音高的变化被用来区分真诚和讽刺的话语。精神分裂症患者表现出良好的复制赤字的听觉功能和功能连接内和之间的听觉皮层区域。本研究探讨听觉缺陷对精神分裂症患者讽刺知觉的影响。对76例精神分裂症/情感障碍患者和72例正常人进行了音高加工、听觉情绪识别（AER）和讽刺语检测等听觉测试。静息状态功能连接（rsFC）从一个子样本，并进行了分析，使用种子放置在听觉皮层和元分析定义的核心心理化区域相对于听觉性能。患者在听觉测量中表现出较大的效应量缺陷。讽刺缺陷显着相关的一般功能和受损的音高处理跨组和单独的患者组。患者还表现出对平均音高和变异性变化的敏感性降低。对于患者，讽刺歧视与rsFC水平的主要听觉区域内，而对照组，相关性只观察到在核心心智化区域（右后上级颞回，前上级颞沟和颞叶，左后内侧颞回）。这些研究结果证实了精神分裂症的心理障碍理论的听觉缺陷的贡献，并表明，功能连接内的听觉，但不核心心智化，区域是速率限制在精神分裂症的讽刺检测。
Intact sarcasm perception is a critical component of social cognition and mentalizing (ability to understand the mental state of oneself and others). In sarcasm, tone of voice is used to negate the literal meaning of an utterance. In particular, changes in pitch are used to distinguish between sincere and sarcastic utterances. Schizophrenia patients show well-replicated deficits in auditory function and functional connectivity within and between auditory cortical regions. The present study investigates contributions of auditory deficits to sarcasm perception in schizophrenia. Auditory measures including pitch-processing, auditory emotion recognition (AER) and sarcasm detection were obtained from 76 patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and 72 controls. Resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) was obtained from a subsample, and was analyzed using seeds placed in both auditory cortex and meta-analysis-defined core-mentalizing regions relative to auditory performance. Patients showed large effect-size deficits across auditory measures. Sarcasm deficits correlated significantly with general functioning and impaired pitch-processing both across-groups and within the patient group alone. Patients also showed reduced sensitivity to alterations in mean pitch and variability. For patients, sarcasm discrimination correlated exclusively with level of rsFC within primary auditory regions, whereas for controls, correlations were observed exclusively within core-mentalizing regions (right posterior superior temporal gyrus, anterior superior temporal sulcus and insula, and left posterior medial temporal gyrus). These findings confirm the contribution of auditory deficits to theory of mind impairments in schizophrenia, and demonstrate that functional connectivity within auditory-, but not core-mentalizing-, regions is rate limiting with respect to sarcasm detection in schizophrenia.